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Contrastive learning has emerged as a prominent branch of self-supervised learning for several years. Especially, CLIP, which applies contrastive learning to large sets of captioned images, has garnered significant attention. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Chungpa Lee , Joonhwan Chang , Jy-yong Sohn

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) stands out as a prominent method for image representation learning. Various neural architectures, spanning Transformer-based models like Vision Transformers (ViTs) to Convolutional Networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Cristian Rodriguez-Opazo , Edison Marrese-Taylor , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Hamed Damirchi , Ignacio M. Jara , Felipe Bravo-Marquez , Anton van den Hengel

Multimodal models, such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, have demonstrated remarkable success in aligning visual and linguistic representations. However, these models exhibit limitations when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hiroshi Sasaki

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) has received widespread attention, since its learned representations can be transferred well to various downstream tasks. During the training process of the CLIP model, the InfoNCE objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Delong Chen , Zhao Wu , Fan Liu , Zaiquan Yang , Huaxi Huang , Ying Tan , Erjin Zhou

The original CLIP text encoder is limited by a maximum input length of 77 tokens, which hampers its ability to effectively process long texts and perform fine-grained semantic understanding. In addition, the CLIP text encoder lacks support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xiaoxing Hu , Kaicheng Yang , Ziyang Gong , Qi Ming , Zonghao Guo , Yu Tian , Xiang An , Ziyong Feng , Xue Yang

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has emerged as a novel paradigm to learn visual models from language supervision. While researchers continue to push the frontier of CLIP, reproducing these works remains challenging. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Yufeng Cui , Lichen Zhao , Feng Liang , Yangguang Li , Jing Shao

The success of large-scale contrastive vision-language pretraining (CLIP) has benefited both visual recognition and multimodal content understanding. The concise design brings CLIP the advantage in inference efficiency against other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Shijie Geng , Jianbo Yuan , Yu Tian , Yuxiao Chen , Yongfeng Zhang

Large vision-language contrastive models (VLCMs), such as CLIP, have become foundational, demonstrating remarkable success across a variety of downstream tasks. Despite their advantages, these models, akin to other foundational systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Haocheng Dai , Sarang Joshi

Contrastive cross-modal models such as CLIP and CLAP aid various vision-language (VL) and audio-language (AL) tasks. However, there has been limited investigation of and improvement in their language encoder, which is the central component…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mengjie Zhao , Junya Ono , Zhi Zhong , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Takashi Shibuya , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

CLIP is a seminal multimodal model that maps images and text into a shared representation space through contrastive learning on billions of image-caption pairs. Inspired by the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Weiquan Huang , Aoqi Wu , Yifan Yang , Xufang Luo , Yuqing Yang , Usman Naseem , Chunyu Wang , Chunyu Wang , Qi Dai , Xiyang Dai , Dongdong Chen , Chong Luo , Lili Qiu , Liang Hu

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) formulates image classification as an image-to-text matching task, i.e., matching images to the corresponding natural language descriptions instead of discrete category IDs. This allows for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Shuhuai Ren , Lei Li , Xuancheng Ren , Guangxiang Zhao , Xu Sun

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) stands as one of the most effective and scalable methods for training transferable vision models using paired image and text data. CLIP models are trained using contrastive loss, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lijie Fan , Dilip Krishnan , Phillip Isola , Dina Katabi , Yonglong Tian

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has drawn increasing attention recently for its transferable visual representation learning. However, due to the semantic gap within datasets, CLIP's pre-trained image-text alignment becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Longtian Qiu , Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Ziyao Zeng , Zilu Guo , Yafeng Li , Guangnan Zhang

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) models have shown significant potential, particularly in zero-shot classification across diverse distribution shifts. Building on existing evaluations of overall classification robustness, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Weijie Tu , Weijian Deng , Tom Gedeon

Contrastive learning has emerged as a transformative method for learning effective visual representations through the alignment of image and text embeddings. However, pairwise similarity computation in contrastive loss between image and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Sachin Mehta , Maxwell Horton , Fartash Faghri , Mohammad Hossein Sekhavat , Mahyar Najibi , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Oncel Tuzel , Mohammad Rastegari

Contrastive learning (CL) aims to preserve relational structure between samples by learning representations that reflect a similarity graph. Yet, the geometry of the resulting embeddings remains poorly understood. Here we show that weighted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Raphael Vock , Edouard Duchesnay , Benoit Dufumier

The CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) model and its variants are becoming the de facto backbone in many applications. However, training a CLIP model from hundreds of millions of image-text pairs can be prohibitively expensive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Liangliang Cao , Bowen Zhang , Chen Chen , Yinfei Yang , Xianzhi Du , Wencong Zhang , Zhiyun Lu , Yantao Zheng

Currently, the most dominant approach to establishing language-image alignment is to pre-train text and image encoders jointly through contrastive learning, such as CLIP and its variants. In this work, we question whether such a costly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jingfeng Yang , Ziyang Wu , Yue Zhao , Yi Ma

Fonts convey different impressions to readers. These impressions often come from the font shapes. However, the correlation between fonts and their impression is weak and unstable because impressions are subjective. To capture such weak and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yugo Kubota , Daichi Haraguchi , Seiichi Uchida