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Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) are widely acknowledged to be prone to hallucinations. Existing research addressing this problem has primarily been confined to image inputs, with limited exploration of video-based hallucinations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wey Yeh Choong , Yangyang Guo , Mohan Kankanhalli

Although psycholinguists and psychologists have long studied the tendency of linguistic strings to evoke mental images in hearers or readers, most computational studies have applied this concept of imageability only to isolated words. Using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Si Wu , David A. Smith

Despite recent advances in multimodal pre-training for visual description, state-of-the-art models still produce captions containing errors, such as hallucinating objects not present in a scene. The existing prominent metric for object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Suzanne Petryk , David M. Chan , Anish Kachinthaya , Haodi Zou , John Canny , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell

The propensity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate hallucinations and non-factual content undermines their reliability in high-stakes domains, where rigorous control over Type I errors (the conditional probability of incorrectly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Fan Nie , Xiaotian Hou , Shuhang Lin , James Zou , Huaxiu Yao , Linjun Zhang

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in multimodal tasks like visual question answering or image captioning. However, inconsistencies between the visual information and the generated text, a phenomenon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Laura Fieback , Jakob Spiegelberg , Hanno Gottschalk

The Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs) enhances user interaction and enriches user experience by integrating visual modality on the basis of the Large Language Models (LLMs). It has demonstrated their powerful information processing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Wei Lan , Wenyi Chen , Qingfeng Chen , Shirui Pan , Huiyu Zhou , Yi Pan

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs), defined as fluent yet incorrect or incoherent outputs, pose a significant challenge to the automatic generation of educational multiple-choice questions (MCQs). We identified four key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nicholas X. Wang , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Generative AI image models may inadvertently generate problematic representations of people. Past research has noted that millions of users engage daily across the world with these models and that the models, including through problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Susan Epstein , Li Chen , Alessandro Vecchiato , Ankit Jain

While recent years have seen rapid progress in image-conditioned text generation, image captioning still suffers from the fundamental issue of hallucinations, namely, the generation of spurious details that cannot be inferred from the given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Assaf Ben-Kish , Moran Yanuka , Morris Alper , Raja Giryes , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

While recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable performance in multi-modal tasks, they are prone to generating hallucinatory text responses that do not align with the given visual input, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Ce Zhang , Zifu Wan , Zhehan Kan , Martin Q. Ma , Simon Stepputtis , Deva Ramanan , Russ Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency , Katia Sycara , Yaqi Xie

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have introduced a paradigm shift for Image Quality Assessment (IQA) from unexplainable image quality scoring to explainable IQA, demonstrating practical applications like quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenjie Liao , Jieyu Yuan , Yifang Xu , Chunle Guo , Zilong Zhang , Jihong Li , Jiachen Fu , Haotian Fan , Tao Li , Junhui Cui , Chongyi Li

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly used to evaluate outputs of other models, for image-to-text (I2T) tasks such as visual question answering, and text-to-image (T2I) generation tasks. Despite this growing reliance, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Mohammed Safi Ur Rahman Khan , Sanjay Suryanarayanan , Tushar Anand , Mitesh M. Khapra

In the creative practice of text-to-image (TTI) generation, images are synthesized from textual prompts. By design, TTI models always yield an output, even if the prompt contains unknown terms. In this case, the model may generate default…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hannu Simonen , Atte Kiviniemi , Hannah Johnston , Helena Barranha , Jonas Oppenlaender

Advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in a variety of vision-language tasks involving image-conditioned free-form text generation. However, growing concerns about hallucinations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhuohang Li , Chao Yan , Nicholas J. Jackson , Wendi Cui , Bo Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Bradley A. Malin

Traditional Image Quality Assessment (IQA) metrics typically fall into one of two extremes: rigid, hand-crafted mathematical models or "black-box" deep learning architectures that completely lack interpretability. To bridge this gap, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ruchika Gupta , Illya Bakurov , Nathan Haut , Wolfgang Banzhaf

Vision-language models (VLMs) can achieve high accuracy while still accepting culturally plausible but visually incorrect interpretations. Existing hallucination benchmarks rarely test this failure mode, particularly outside Western…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Basel Mousi , Fahim Dalvi , Shammur Chowdhury , Firoj Alam , Nadir Durrani

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in visual understanding and multimodal reasoning. However, LVLMs frequently exhibit hallucination phenomena, manifesting as the generated textual responses that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Ziyun Dai , Xiaoqiang Li , Shaohua Zhang , Yuanchen Wu , Jide Li

Generative adversarial networks conditioned on textual image descriptions are capable of generating realistic-looking images. However, current methods still struggle to generate images based on complex image captions from a heterogeneous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Tobias Hinz , Stefan Heinrich , Stefan Wermter

The hallucination of large multimodal models (LMMs), providing responses that appear correct but are actually incorrect, limits their reliability and applicability. This paper aims to study the hallucination problem of LMMs in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hongcheng Gao , Jiashu Qu , Jingyi Tang , Baolong Bi , Yue Liu , Hongyu Chen , Li Liang , Li Su , Qingming Huang

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in generative tasks, such as image and video synthesis. However, they still often produce hallucinated samples (hallucinations) that conflict with real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shuai Fu , Jian Zhou , Qi Chen , Huang Jing , Huy Anh Nguyen , Xiaohan Liu , Zhixiong Zeng , Lin Ma , Quanshi Zhang , Qi Wu
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