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The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) is rapidly expanding across various tasks that involve inherent graphical structures. Graphs are integral to a wide range of applications, including motion planning for autonomous vehicles,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Piyush Gupta , Sangjae Bae , David Isele

Graph of Thoughts (GoT), a generalized form of recent prompting paradigms for large language models (LLMs), has been shown to be useful for elaborate problem solving. By executing a graph of operations, thoughts of the LLM are structured as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Manuel Noah Riesen , Peter Alfred von Niederhäusern

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to use tools is crucial for improving their problem-solving abilities and expanding their applications. However, effectively using tools is challenging because it requires a deep understanding of tool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Jingwei Wang , Zai Zhang , Hao Qian , Chunjing Gan , Binbin Hu , Ziqi Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Bin Shi , Bo Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a promising frontier for recommender systems, yet their development has been impeded by the absence of predictable scaling laws, which are crucial for guiding research and optimizing resource…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Benyu Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jianpeng Cheng , Hong-You Chen , Qifei Wang , Wei Sun , Shen Li , Jia Li , Jiahao Wu , Xiangjun Fan , Hong Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities across various tasks. However, even minor variations in query phrasing, despite preserving the underlying semantic meaning, can significantly affect their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Miao Li , William Han , Yuyou Zhang , Emerson Liu , Zuxin Liu , Chuang Gan , Ding Zhao

Plan synthesis aims to generate a course of actions or policies to transit given initial states to goal states, provided domain models that could be designed by experts or learnt from training data or interactions with the world. Intrigued…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Xin Chen , Rong Pan

Large language models (LLMs) can be leveraged to help with writing formulas in spreadsheets, but resources on these formulas are scarce, impacting both the base performance of pre-trained models and limiting the ability to fine-tune them.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Usneek Singh , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Aditya Kanade , Anirudh Khatry , Vu Le , Mukul Singh , Gust Verbruggen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in processing various data structures, including graphs. While previous research has focused on developing textual encoding methods for graph representation, the emergence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Zhiqiang Zhong , Davide Mottin

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are commonly trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to explore long chain-of-thought reasoning, achieving strong performance at high computational cost. Recent methods add multi-reward objectives to jointly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Anhao Zhao , Ziyang Chen , Junlong Tong , Yingqi Fan , Fanghua Ye , Shuhao Li , Yunpu Ma , Wenjie Li , Xiaoyu Shen

Reasoning is a cognitive process of using evidence to reach a sound conclusion. The reasoning capability is essential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as the brain of the artificial general intelligence agent. Recent studies reveal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Peiyi Wang , Lei Li , Liang Chen , Feifan Song , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Tianyu Liu , Zhifang Sui

In the rapidly evolving field of Explainable Natural Language Processing (NLP), textual explanations, i.e., human-like rationales, are pivotal for explaining model predictions and enriching datasets with interpretable labels. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mahdi Dhaini , Juraj Vladika , Ege Erdogan , Zineb Attaoui , Gjergji Kasneci

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable generalization capability with exceptional performance in various language modeling tasks. However, they still exhibit inherent limitations in precisely capturing and returning grounded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yijun Tian , Huan Song , Zichen Wang , Haozhu Wang , Ziqing Hu , Fang Wang , Nitesh V. Chawla , Panpan Xu

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing. However, they often suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations. Graph retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Kai Guo , Harry Shomer , Shenglai Zeng , Haoyu Han , Yu Wang , Jiliang Tang

Large Language models (LLMs), while powerful, exhibit harmful social biases. Debiasing is often challenging due to computational costs, data constraints, and potential degradation of multi-task language capabilities. This work introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Pengrui Han , Rafal Kocielnik , Adhithya Saravanan , Roy Jiang , Or Sharir , Anima Anandkumar

Code data has been shown to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it remains unclear which aspects of code are most responsible. We investigate this question with a systematic, data-centric framework. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Abdul Waheed , Zhen Wu , Carolyn Rosé , Daphne Ippolito

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on reasoning tasks, yet their logical abilities remain contested. To address this, we study LLMs' reasoning in a well-defined fragment of logic: syllogistic reasoning. We cast the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Manuel Vargas Guzmán , Raffaella Bernardi , Maciej Malicki , Jakub Szymanik

This paper investigates the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving complex linguistic puzzles, a domain requiring advanced reasoning and adept translation capabilities akin to human cognitive processes. We explore specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zheng-Lin Lin , Yu-Fei Shih , Shu-Kai Hsieh

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in metaphor interpretation across multiple datasets, tasks, and prompt configurations. Although metaphor processing has gained significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Elisa Sanchez-Bayona , Rodrigo Agerri

Synthetically-generated data plays an increasingly larger role in training large language models. However, while synthetic data has been found to be useful, studies have also shown that without proper curation it can cause LLM performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kareem Amin , Sara Babakniya , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Umar Syed , Sergei Vassilvitskii

Knowledge graphs provide structured and reliable information for many real-world applications, motivating increasing interest in combining large language models (LLMs) with graph-based retrieval to improve factual grounding. Recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yuchen Ying , Weiqi Jiang , Tongya Zheng , Yu Wang , Shunyu Liu , Kaixuan Chen , Mingli Song