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At second-order, scalar perturbations can source traceless and transverse perturbations to the metric, called induced gravitational waves (IGW). The apparent gauge-dependence of the IGW obscures the interpretation of the stochastic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-09 James Gurian , Donghui Jeong , Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh

Impulsive gravitational plane waves, which have a delta-function singularity on a hypersurface, can be obtained by squeezing smooth plane gravitational waves with Gaussian profile. They exhibit (as do their smooth counterparts) the Velocity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-14 P. -M. Zhang , C. Duval , P. A. Horvathy

In a general metric theory of gravitation in four dimensions, six polarizations of a gravitational wave are allowed: two scalar and two vector modes, in addition to two tensor modes in general relativity. Such additional polarization modes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya , Kazuhiro Hayama , Seiji Kawamura , Masa-aki Sakagami

Using the Einstein gravitation theory we show how to obtain the basic equations which predict the gravitational waves. This paper was written to graduate and post-graduate students of Physics. We deduce the equations didactically following…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-15 M. Cattani

Scalar polarization modes of gravitational waves, which are often introduced in the context of the viable extension of gravity, have been actively searched. However, couplings of the scalar modes to the matter are strongly constrained by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-19 Hiroki Takeda , Yusuke Manita , Hidetoshi Omiya , Takahiro Tanaka

The polarization of electromagnetic waves in the presence of a gravitational wave is analyzed. The rotation of the polarization angle and the Stokes parameters are deduced. A possible application to the detection of stochastic background of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-03 Shahen Hacyan

Linear and rotational dragging effects of gravitational waves on local inertial frames are studied in purely vacuum spacetimes. First the linear dragging caused by a simple cylindrical pulse is investigated. Surprisingly strong transversal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 Jiri Bicak , Joseph Katz , Donald Lynden-Bell

In this work, we develop a generic formalism for the study of tensor perturbations induced at second order by first-order vector metric perturbations, dubbing these induced tensor modes $\textit{vector-induced gravitational waves}$ (VIGWs).…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Arko Bhaumik , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Anish Ghoshal

We study the interaction between gravitational waves and a quantum two-level system consisting of a spin 1/2 particle using the formalism of the proper detector frame. This approach highlights the effects of gravitational waves on both the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-28 Matteo Luca Ruggiero

Light undergoes perturbation as gravitational waves pass by. This is shown by solving Maxwell's equations in a spacetime with gravitational waves; a solution exhibits a perturbation due to gravitational waves. We determine the perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-05 Dong-Hoon Kim , Chan Park

In the first paper in this series, we introduced "persistent gravitational wave observables" as a framework for generalizing the gravitational wave memory effect. These observables are nonlocal in time and nonzero in the presence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-20 Éanna É. Flanagan , Alexander M. Grant , Abraham I. Harte , David A. Nichols

Polarization wiggling is an observational effect of a gravitational field on the polarization of electromagnetic radiation traversing it. We find that in linear gravity, the polarization wiggle rate contributions from scalar, vector and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-27 Kjell Tangen

General relativity describes gravitation in terms of the geometry of spacetime. It predicts the existence of gravitational waves (GWs) that stretch and compress spacetime and were detected recently by state-of-the-art interferometer…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-12-01 Hayato Motohashi , Teruaki Suyama

In modified gravity theories, the gravitational waves propagation are presented in nonstandard ways. We consider a friction term different from GR and constrain the modified gravitational waves propagation from observations. The modified…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-12 Jun Li

A good definition for the energy momentum tensor of gravity (EMTG) in General Relativity (GR) is a hard, if not impossible, task. On the other hand, in its teleparallel version, known as The Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-18 J. B. Formiga

We discuss the propagation of gravitational waves in a recently discussed class of theories containing N >= 2 metric tensors and a corresponding number of standard model copies. Using the formalism of gauge-invariant linear perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-24 Manuel Hohmann

Observed angular positions and redshifts of large-scale structure tracers such as galaxies are affected by gravitational waves through volume distortion and magnification effects. Thus, a gravitational wave background can in principle be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-30 Donghui Jeong , Fabian Schmidt

We study gravitational waves emitted by a binary system of non-spinning bodies in a quasi-circular inspiral within the framework of Einstein-aether theory. In particular, we compute explicitly and analytically the expressions for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-22 Chao Zhang , Xiang Zhao , Anzhong Wang , Bin Wang , Kent Yagi , Nicolas Yunes , Wen Zhao , Tao Zhu

In this paper, we review the theoretical basis for generation of gravitational waves and the detection techniques used to detect a gravitational wave. To materialize this goal in a thorough way we first start with a mathematical background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-01 Saibal Ray , R. Bhattacharya , Sanjay K. Sahay , Abdul Aziz , Amit Das

After an introduction emphasizing the importance of the gravitomag- netic effect in general relativity, with a resume of some space-based appli- cations, we discuss the so-called magnetic components of gravitational waves (GWs), which have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-22 Lorenzo Iorio , Christian Corda
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