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Spoken dialogue is an intuitive form of human-computer interaction, yet current speech language models often remain constrained to turn-based exchanges, lacking real-time adaptability such as user barge-in. We propose a novel duplex speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ke Hu , Ehsan Hosseini-Asl , Chen Chen , Edresson Casanova , Subhankar Ghosh , Piotr Żelasko , Zhehuai Chen , Jason Li , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. While these models excel in general complex reasoning tasks, they still face challenges in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Graziano A. Manduzio , Federico A. Galatolo , Mario G. C. A. Cimino , Enzo Pasquale Scilingo , Lorenzo Cominelli

In proactive dialogue, the challenge lies not just in generating responses but in steering conversations toward predetermined goals, a task where Large Language Models (LLMs) typically struggle due to their reactive nature. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Tao He , Lizi Liao , Yixin Cao , Yuanxing Liu , Ming Liu , Zerui Chen , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot dialogue state tracking (DST), reducing the need for task-specific training. However, conventional DST benchmarks primarily focus on structured user-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sangmin Song , Juhwan Choi , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

Chatbots via large language models (LLMs) generate fluent responses but often struggle with when to speak, especially for brief, timely listener reactions during ongoing dialogue. We present a multimodal strategy for LLMs, which leverages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zikai Liao , Yi Ouyang , Yi-Lun Lee , Chen-Ping Yu , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Zhaozheng Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable of interacting with external tools, granting access to specialized knowledge beyond their training data - critical in dynamic, knowledge-intensive domains such as Chemistry and…

Optimizing language models for use in conversational agents requires large quantities of example dialogues. Increasingly, these dialogues are synthetically generated by using powerful large language models (LLMs), especially in domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Joachim De Baer , A. Seza Doğruöz , Thomas Demeester , Chris Develder

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the landscape of Natural Language Processing systems, but are computationally expensive. To reduce the cost without sacrificing performance, previous studies have explored various approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Chia-Hsuan Lee , Hao Cheng , Mari Ostendorf

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful and general solutions to many natural language tasks. However, many of the most important applications of language generation are interactive, where an agent has to talk to a person to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Joey Hong , Sergey Levine , Anca Dragan

Communication between multiple language model (LM) agents has been shown to scale up the reasoning ability of LMs. While natural language has been the dominant medium for inter-LM communication, it is not obvious this should be the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Vignav Ramesh , Kenneth Li

Rapidly developing large language models (LLMs) have brought tremendous intelligent applications. Especially, the GPT-4o's excellent duplex speech interaction ability has brought impressive experience to users. Researchers have recently…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xiong Wang , Yangze Li , Chaoyou Fu , Yunhang Shen , Lei Xie , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Long Ma

Despite the recent broad adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various domains, their potential for enriching information systems in extracting and exploring Linked Data (LD) and Resource Description Framework (RDF) triplestores…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Omar Mussa , Omer Rana , Benoît Goossens , Pablo Orozco-Terwengel , Charith Perera

Large-language-model (LLM) agents excel at reactive dialogue but struggle with proactive, goal-driven interactions due to myopic decoding and costly planning. We introduce DialogXpert, which leverages a frozen LLM to propose a small,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Tazeek Bin Abdur Rakib , Ambuj Mehrish , Lay-Ki Soon , Wern Han Lim , Soujanya Poria

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reinforcement learning (RL) models, such as planning and reasoning capabilities. However, the problems of LLMs and RL model collaboration still need to be solved. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning is often hindered by high computational costs and latency, while resource-efficient Small Language Models (SLMs) typically lack the necessary reasoning capacity. Existing collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengsong Huang , Tong Zheng , Langlin Huang , Jinyuan Li , Haolin Liu , Jiaxin Huang

It is popular lately to train large language models to be used as chat assistants, but in the conversation between the user and the chat assistant, there are prompts, require multi-turns between the chat assistant and the user. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Haun Leung , ZiNan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising basis for creating agents that can tackle complex tasks through iterative environmental interaction. Existing methods either require these agents to mimic expert-provided trajectories or rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Dihong Gong , Pu Lu , Zelong Wang , Meng Zhou , Xiuqiang He

Utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex tasks is challenging, often involving a time-consuming and uncontrollable prompt engineering process. This paper introduces a novel human-LLM interaction framework, Low-code LLM. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuzhe Cai , Shaoguang Mao , Wenshan Wu , Zehua Wang , Yaobo Liang , Tao Ge , Chenfei Wu , Wang You , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Jonathan Tien , Nan Duan , Furu Wei

This paper presents a novel design of a multi-agent system framework that applies large language models (LLMs) to automate the parametrization of simulation models in digital twins. This framework features specialized LLM agents tasked with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuchen Xia , Daniel Dittler , Nasser Jazdi , Haonan Chen , Michael Weyrich

Currently, large language models (LLMs) predominantly focus on the text modality. To enable more natural human-AI interaction, speech LLMs are emerging, but building effective end-to-end speech LLMs remains challenging due to limited data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yan Zhou , Qingkai Fang , Yun Hong , Yang Feng