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This paper shows the weighted matching problem on general graphs can be solved in time $O(n(m + n\log n))$ for $n$ and $m$ the number of vertices and edges, respectively. This was previously known only for bipartite graphs. The crux is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Harold N. Gabow

Thirty years ago, the Robin Hood collision resolution strategy was introduced for open addressing hash tables, and a recurrence equation was found for the distribution of its search cost. Although this recurrence could not be solved…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Patricio V. Poblete , Alfredo Viola

We resolve a number of long-standing open problems in online graph coloring. More specifically, we develop tight lower bounds on the performance of online algorithms for fundamental graph classes. An important contribution is that our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-04 Susanne Albers , Sebastian Schraink

CountSketch and Feature Hashing (the "hashing trick") are popular randomized dimensionality reduction methods that support recovery of $\ell_2$-heavy hitters (keys $i$ where $v_i^2 > \epsilon \|\boldsymbol{v}\|_2^2$) and approximate inner…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Edith Cohen , Jelani Nelson , Tamás Sarlós , Uri Stemmer

Designing algorithms for balanced allocation of clients to servers in dynamic settings is a challenging problem for a variety of reasons. Both servers and clients may be added and/or removed from the system periodically, and the main…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Vahab Mirrokni , Mikkel Thorup , Morteza Zadimoghaddam

We present a randomized algorithm for dynamic graph connectivity. With failure probability less than $1/n^c$ (for any constant $c$ we choose), our solution has worst case running time $O(\log^3 n)$ per edge insertion, $O(\log^4 n)$ per edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Zhengyu Wang

A Random Access query to a string $T\in [0..\sigma)^n$ asks for the character $T[i]$ at a given position $i\in [0..n)$. In $O(n\log\sigma)$ bits of space, this fundamental task admits constant-time queries. While this is optimal in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Anouk Duyster , Tomasz Kociumaka

We study dynamic $(1-\epsilon)$-approximate rounding of fractional matchings -- a key ingredient in numerous breakthroughs in the dynamic graph algorithms literature. Our first contribution is a surprisingly simple deterministic rounding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Sayan Bhattacharya , Peter Kiss , Aaron Sidford , David Wajc

The list-labeling problem captures the basic task of storing a dynamically changing set of up to $n$ elements in sorted order in an array of size $m = (1 + \Theta(1))n$. The goal is to support insertions and deletions while moving around…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Michael A. Bender , Alex Conway , Martín Farach-Colton , Hanna Komlós , Michal Koucký , William Kuszmaul , Michael Saks

A $d$-ary cuckoo hash table is an open-addressed hash table that stores each key $x$ in one of $d$ random positions $h_1(x), h_2(x), \ldots, h_d(x)$. In the offline setting, where all items are given and keys need only be matched to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-07 William Kuszmaul , Michael Mitzenmacher

We present the first sub-quadratic time algorithm that with high probability correctly reconstructs phylogenetic trees for short sequences generated by a Markov model of evolution. Due to rapid expansion in sequence databases, such very…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-06-01 Daniel G. Brown , Jakub Truszkowski

We present an efficient lock-free algorithm for parallel accessible hash tables with open addressing, which promises more robust performance and reliability than conventional lock-based implementations. ``Lock-free'' means that it is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hui Gao , Jan Friso Groote , Wim H. Hesselink

Recombining trinomial trees are a workhorse for modeling discrete-event systems in option pricing, logistics, and feedback control. Because each node stores a state-dependent quantity, a depth-$D$ tree naively yields $\mathcal{O}(3^{D})$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ethan Torres , Ramavarapu Sreenivas , Richard Sowers

It is widely assumed that $O(m+\lg \sigma)$ is the best one can do for finding a pattern of length $m$ in a compacted trie storing strings over an alphabet of size $\sigma$, if one insists on linear-size data structures and deterministic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-02-15 Johannes Fischer , Pawel Gawrychowski

We show an optimal data-dependent hashing scheme for the approximate near neighbor problem. For an $n$-point data set in a $d$-dimensional space our data structure achieves query time $O(d n^{\rho+o(1)})$ and space $O(n^{1+\rho+o(1)} +…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-17 Alexandr Andoni , Ilya Razenshteyn

We introduce linear probing hashing schemes that construct a hash table of size $n$, with constant load factor $\alpha$, on which the worst-case unsuccessful search time is asymptotically almost surely $O(\log \log n)$. The schemes employ…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Ketan Dalal , Luc Devroye , Ebrahim Malalla

A \emph{resizable array} is an array that can \emph{grow} and \emph{shrink} by the addition or removal of items from its end, or both its ends, while still supporting constant-time \emph{access} to each item stored in the array given its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Robert E. Tarjan , Uri Zwick

This paper describes a generic algorithm for concurrent resizing and on-demand per-bucket rehashing for an extensible hash table. In contrast to known lock-based hash table algorithms, the proposed algorithm separates the resizing and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Anton Malakhov

We present two algorithms for dynamically maintaining a spanning forest of a graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions. Our algorithms guarantee {\em worst-case update time} and work against an adaptive adversary, meaning that an edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Danupon Nanongkai , Thatchaphol Saranurak

A history-independent data structure does not reveal the history of operations applied to it, only its current logical state, even if its internal state is examined. This paper studies history-independent concurrent dictionaries, in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Hagit Attiya , Michael A. Bender , Martín Farach-Colton , Rotem Oshman , Noa Schiller