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Implicit sampling is a weighted sampling method that is used in data assimilation, where one sequentially updates estimates of the state of a stochastic model based on a stream of noisy or incomplete data. Here we describe how to use…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Matthias Morzfeld , Xuemin Tu , Jon Wilkening , Alexandre J. Chorin

Syllables are compositional units of spoken language that efficiently structure human speech perception and production. However, current neural speech representations lack such structure, resulting in dense token sequences that are costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Cheol Jun Cho , Nicholas Lee , Akshat Gupta , Dhruv Agarwal , Ethan Chen , Alan W Black , Gopala K. Anumanchipalli

Deep speaker embeddings have become the leading method for encoding speaker identity in speaker recognition tasks. The embedding space should ideally capture the variations between all possible speakers, encoding the multiple acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Chau Luu , Peter Bell , Steve Renals

Unsupervised speech disentanglement aims at separating fast varying from slowly varying components of a speech signal. In this contribution, we take a closer look at the embedding vector representing the slowly varying signal components,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-20 Frederik Rautenberg , Michael Kuhlmann , Jana Wiechmann , Fritz Seebauer , Petra Wagner , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

In this paper, we propose a novel method for speaker adaptation in lip reading, motivated by two observations. Firstly, a speaker's own characteristics can always be portrayed well by his/her few facial images or even a single image with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Songtao Luo , Shuang Yang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Automated speaking assessment (ASA) typically involves automatic speech recognition (ASR) and hand-crafted feature extraction from the ASR transcript of a learner's speech. Recently, self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown stellar…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tien-Hong Lo , Fu-An Chao , Tzu-I Wu , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Current speaker anonymization methods, especially with self-supervised learning (SSL) models, require massive computational resources when hiding speaker identity. This paper proposes an effective and parameter-efficient speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-20 Xiaojiao Chen , Sheng Li , Jiyi Li , Hao Huang , Yang Cao , Liang He

Fake audio attack becomes a major threat to the speaker verification system. Although current detection approaches have achieved promising results on dataset-specific scenarios, they encounter difficulties on unseen spoofing data.…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Haoxin Ma , Jiangyan Yi , Jianhua Tao , Ye Bai , Zhengkun Tian , Chenglong Wang

Detecting spoofing attempts of automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems is challenging, especially when using only one modeling approach. For robustness, we use both deep neural networks and traditional machine learning models and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-05 Bhusan Chettri , Daniel Stoller , Veronica Morfi , Marco A. Martínez Ramírez , Emmanouil Benetos , Bob L. Sturm

Fake audio detection is an emerging active topic. A growing number of literatures have aimed to detect fake utterance, which are mostly generated by Text-to-speech (TTS) or voice conversion (VC). However, countermeasures against…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Hao Gu , JiangYan Yi , Chenglong Wang , Yong Ren , Jianhua Tao , Xinrui Yan , Yujie Chen , Xiaohui Zhang

Due to the successful application of deep learning, audio spoofing detection has made significant progress. Spoofed audio with speech synthesis or voice conversion can be well detected by many countermeasures. However, an automatic speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Lian Huang , Chi-Man Pun

An embedding-based speaker adaptive training (SAT) approach is proposed and investigated in this paper for deep neural network acoustic modeling. In this approach, speaker embedding vectors, which are a constant given a particular speaker,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Xiaodong Cui , Vaibhava Goel , George Saon

Deepfakes are synthetically generated media often devised with malicious intent. They have become increasingly more convincing with large training datasets advanced neural networks. These fakes are readily being misused for slander,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Nicolas M. Müller , Franziska Dieckmann , Jennifer Williams

In this paper, we propose Vo-Ve, a novel voice-vector embedding that captures speaker identity. Unlike conventional speaker embeddings, Vo-Ve is explainable, as it contains the probabilities of explicit voice attribute classes. Through…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Jaejun Lee , Kyogu Lee

Deep speaker embeddings have been shown effective for assessing cognitive impairments aside from their original purpose of speaker verification. However, the research found that speaker embeddings encode speaker identity and an array of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Dongseok Heo , Cheul Young Park , Jaemin Cheun , Myung Jin Ko

Fusing outputs from automatic speaker verification (ASV) and spoofing countermeasure (CM) is expected to make an integrated system robust to zero-effort imposters and synthesized spoofing attacks. Many score-level fusion methods have been…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Xin Wang , Tomi Kinnunen , Kong Aik Lee , Paul-Gauthier Noé , Junichi Yamagishi

Recognition of speech, and in particular the ability to generalize and learn from small sets of labelled examples like humans do, depends on an appropriate representation of the acoustic input. We formulate the problem of finding robust…

Growing interest in automatic speaker verification (ASV)systems has lead to significant quality improvement of spoofing attackson them. Many research works confirm that despite the low equal er-ror rate (EER) ASV systems are still…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Galina Lavrentyeva , Sergey Novoselov , Konstantin Simonchik

A speech spoofing countermeasure (CM) that discriminates between unseen spoofed and bona fide data requires diverse training data. While many datasets use spoofed data generated by speech synthesis systems, it was recently found that data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-29 Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi

Speaker identity plays a significant role in human communication and is being increasingly used in societal applications, many through advances in machine learning. Speaker identity perception is an essential cognitive phenomenon that can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Gasser Elbanna