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Self-propelling organisms locomote via generation of patterns of self-deformation. Despite the diversity of body plans, internal actuation schemes and environments in limbless vertebrates and invertebrates, such organisms often use similar…

Geometric mechanics models of locomotion have provided insight into how robots and animals use environmental interactions to convert internal shape changes into displacement through the world, encoding this relationship in a ``motility…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ross L. Hatton , Yousef Salaman , Shai Revzen

Serially connected robots are promising candidates for performing tasks in confined spaces such as search-and-rescue in large-scale disasters. Such robots are typically limbless, and we hypothesize that the addition of limbs could improve…

Limbless robots have the potential to maneuver through cluttered environments that conventional robots cannot traverse. As illustrated in their biological counterparts such as snakes and nematodes, limbless locomotors can benefit from…

Data-driven models of robot motion constructed using principles from Geometric Mechanics have been shown to produce useful predictions of robot motion for a variety of robots. For robots with a useful number of DoF, these geometric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Ruizhen Hu , Shai Revzen

Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium, or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized coordination is believed to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Baxi Chong , Juntao He , Shengkai Li , Eva Erickson , Kelimar Diaz , Tianyu Wang , Daniel Soto , Daniel I. Goldman

In this work, we utilize discrete geometric mechanics to derive a 2nd-order variational integrator so as to simulate rigid body dynamics. The developed integrator is to simulate the motion of a free rigid body and a quad-rotor. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-18 Mahmoud Abdelgalil , Asmaa Eldesoukey , Esraa Elshabrawy , Mostafa Abdalla

The aim of this work is to study the geometry underlying mechanics and its application to describe autonomous and nonautonomous conservative dynamical systems of different types; as well as dissipative dynamical systems. We use different…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Miguel C. Muñoz-Lecanda , Narciso Román-Roy

Latent variable models are powerful tools for learning low-dimensional manifolds from high-dimensional data. However, when dealing with constrained data such as unit-norm vectors or symmetric positive-definite matrices, existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Leonel Rozo , Miguel González-Duque , Noémie Jaquier , Søren Hauberg

Learning controllers that reproduce legged locomotion in nature has been a long-time goal in robotics and computer graphics. While yielding promising results, recent approaches are not yet flexible enough to be applicable to legged systems…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Daniel Ordonez-Apraez , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Mario Martin

Robots often interact with the world via attached parts such as wheels, joints, or appendages. In many systems, these interactions, and the manner in which they lead to locomotion, can be understood using the machinery of geometric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Blake Buchanan , Tony Dear , Scott Kelly , Matthew Travers , Howie Choset

Combining geometric mechanics theory, laboratory robotic experiment and numerical simulation, we study the locomotion in granular media (GM) of the simplest non-inertial swimmer, the Purcell three-link swimmer. Using granular resistive…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-02-22 Ross L. Hatton , Yang Ding , Howie Choset , Daniel I. Goldman

Although typically possessing four limbs and short bodies, lizards have evolved a diversity of body plans, from short-bodied and fully-limbed to elongate and nearly limbless. Such diversity in body morphology is hypothesized as adaptations…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Baxi Chong , Tianyu Wang , Eva Erickson , Philip J Bergmann , Daniel I. Goldman

Despite the progress in legged robotic locomotion, autonomous navigation in unknown environments remains an open problem. Ideally, the navigation system utilizes the full potential of the robots' locomotion capabilities while operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Jonas Frey , David Hoeller , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

For robots to work alongside humans and perform in unstructured environments, they must learn new motion skills and adapt them to unseen situations on the fly. This demands learning models that capture relevant motion patterns, while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Hadi Beik-Mohammadi , Søren Hauberg , Georgios Arvanitidis , Gerhard Neumann , Leonel Rozo

Locomotion requires that an animal or robot be able to move itself forward farther than it moves backward in each gait cycle (formally, that it be able to break the symmetry of its interactions with the world). Previous work has established…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Quinten Konyn , Ross L. Hatton

We develop the equations of motion for full body models that describe the dynamics of rigid bodies, acting under their mutual gravity. The equations are derived using a variational approach where variations are defined on the Lie group of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Taeyoung Lee , Melvin Leok , N. Harris McClamroch

Elongate animals and robots use undulatory body waves to locomote through diverse environments. Geometric mechanics provides a framework to model and optimize such systems in highly damped environments, connecting a prescribed shape change…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jianfeng Lin , Tianyu Wang , Baxi Chong , Matthew Fernandez , Zhaochen Xu , Daniel I. Goldman

Adaptive structures are characterized by their ability to adjust their geometrical and other properties to changing loads or requirements during service. This contribution deals with a method for the design of quasi-static motions of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Renate Sachse , Manfred Bischoff

Undulatory locomotion is a means of self-propulsion that relies on the generation and propagation of waves along a body. As a mode of locomotion it is primitive and relatively simple, yet can be remarkably robust. No wonder then, that it is…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-08-20 Netta Cohen , Jordan H. Boyle
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