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Existing active learning studies typically work in the closed-set setting by assuming that all data examples to be labeled are drawn from known classes. However, in real annotation tasks, the unlabeled data usually contains a large amount…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Kun-Peng Ning , Xun Zhao , Yu Li , Sheng-Jun Huang

The identification of deterministic finite automata (DFAs) from labeled examples is a cornerstone of automata learning, yet traditional methods focus on learning monolithic DFAs, which often yield a large DFA lacking simplicity and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Junjie Meng , Jie An , Yong Li , Andrea Turrini , Fanjiang Xu , Naijun Zhan , Miaomiao Zhang

We propose an automata theoretic learning algorithm for the identification of black-box switched linear systems whose switching logics are event-driven. A switched system is expressed by a deterministic finite automaton (FA) whose node…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-11 Atreyee Kundu , Pavithra Prabhakar

We define a new subclass of nondeterministic finite automata for prefix-closed languages called Flanked Finite Automata (FFA). We show that this class enjoys good complexity properties while preserving the succinctness of nondeterministic…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Florent Avellaneda , Silvano Dal Zilio , Jean-Baptiste Raclet

In this paper, we present a proof of the NP-completeness of computing the smallest Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA) that distinguishes two given regular languages as DFAs. A distinguishing DFA is an automaton that recognizes a language…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jan Martens

We propose a new automaton model, called quantified data automata over words, that can model quantified invariants over linear data structures, and build poly-time active learning algorithms for them, where the learner is allowed to query…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-02-12 Pranav Garg , Christof Loding , P. Madhusudan , Daniel Neider

In deep learning tasks, the learning rate determines the update step size in each iteration, which plays a critical role in gradient-based optimization. However, the determination of the appropriate learning rate in practice typically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-08 Yingqiu Zhu , Yu Chen , Danyang Huang , Bo Zhang , Hansheng Wang

One of the most fundamental problems in computational learning theory is the the problem of learning a finite automaton $A$ consistent with a finite set $P$ of positive examples and with a finite set $N$ of negative examples. By…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jonas Lingg , Mateus de Oliveira Oliveira , Petra Wolf

Humans often acquire new skills through observation and imitation. For robotic agents, learning from the plethora of unlabeled video demonstration data available on the Internet necessitates imitating the expert without access to its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yuyang Liu , Weijun Dong , Yingdong Hu , Chuan Wen , Zhao-Heng Yin , Chongjie Zhang , Yang Gao

We develop a generic reduction procedure for active learning problems. Our approach is inspired by a recent polynomial-time reduction of the exact learning problem for weighted automata over integers to that for weighted automata over…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Quentin Aristote , Sam van Gool , Daniela Petrişan , Mahsa Shirmohammadi

Learning to Optimize (L2O) enhances optimization efficiency with integrated neural networks. L2O paradigms achieve great outcomes, e.g., refitting optimizer, generating unseen solutions iteratively or directly. However, conventional L2O…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Mingjia Shi , Ruihan Lin , Xuxi Chen , Yuhao Zhou , Zezhen Ding , Pingzhi Li , Tong Wang , Kai Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Jiheng Zhang , Tianlong Chen

Few-shot learning for image classification comes up as a hot topic in computer vision, which aims at fast learning from a limited number of labeled images and generalize over the new tasks. In this paper, motivated by the idea of Fisher…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Qijun Song , Siyun Zhou , Liwei Xu

Domain classification is the task of mapping spoken language utterances to one of the natural language understanding domains in intelligent personal digital assistants (IPDAs). This is a major component in mainstream IPDAs in industry.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Han Li , Jihwan Lee , Sidharth Mudgal , Ruhi Sarikaya , Young-Bum Kim

The state-of-the-art solutions for Aspect-Level Sentiment Analysis (ALSA) were built on a variety of deep neural networks (DNN), whose efficacy depends on large amounts of accurately labeled training data. Unfortunately, high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Yanyan Wang , Qun Chen , Jiquan Shen , Boyi Hou , Murtadha Ahmed , Zhanhuai Li

The problem of k-minimisation for a DFA M is the computation of a smallest DFA N (where the size |M| of a DFA M is the size of the domain of the transition function) such that their recognized languages differ only on words of length less…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-01 Paweł Gawrychowski , Artur Jeż , Andreas Maletti

We present an algorithm for active learning of deterministic timed automata with a single clock. The algorithm is within the framework of Angluin's $L^*$ algorithm and inspired by existing work on the active learning of symbolic automata.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Jie An , Mingshuai Chen , Bohua Zhan , Naijun Zhan , Miaomiao Zhang

Understanding how deep neural networks learn useful internal representations from data remains a central open problem in the theory of deep learning. We introduce Neural Low-Degree Filtering (Neural LoFi), a stylized limit of gradient-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yatin Dandi , Matteo Vilucchio , Luca Arnaboldi , Hugo Tabanelli , Florent Krzakala

We study the problem of learning classification functions from noiseless training samples, under the assumption that the decision boundary is of a certain regularity. We establish universal lower bounds for this estimation problem, for…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Philipp Petersen , Felix Voigtlaender

Limit-average automata are weighted automata on infinite words that use average to aggregate the weights seen in infinite runs. We study approximate learning problems for limit-average automata in two settings: passive and active. In the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Jakub Michaliszyn , Jan Otop

It was shown before that the NP-hard problem of deterministic finite automata (DFA) identification can be effectively translated to Boolean satisfiability (SAT). Modern SAT-solvers can tackle hard DFA identification instances efficiently.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Vladimir Ulyantsev , Ilya Zakirzyanov , Anatoly Shalyto