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Advances in quantum computing necessitate migrating the entire technology stack to post-quantum cryptography. This includes IPsec-based VPN connection authentication. Although there is an RFC draft for post-quantum authentication in this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Daniel Herzinger , Linus Heise , Daniel Loebenberger , Matthias Söllner

As quantum computing advances, modern cryptographic standards face an existential threat, necessitating a transition to post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has selected CRYSTALS-Kyber…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Elif Dicle Demir , Buse Bilgin , Mehmet Cengiz Onbasli

Accurate and tamper-resistant timestamps are essential for applications demanding verifiable chronological ordering, such as legal documentation and digital intellectual property protection. Classical timestamp protocols rely on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Ming-Yang Li , Chen-Xun Weng , Wen-Bo Liu , Mengya Zhu , Zeng-Bing Chen

The emergence of quantum computers poses a significant threat to current secure service, application and/or protocol implementations that rely on RSA and ECDSA algorithms, for instance DNSSEC, because public-key cryptography based on number…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Julio Gento Suela , Javier Blanco-Romero , Florina Almenares Mendoza , Daniel Díaz-Sánchez

Hyperledger Fabric is a prominent and flexible solution for building permissioned distributed ledger platforms. Access control and identity management relies on a Membership Service Provider (MSP) whose cryptographic interface only handles…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Amelia Holcomb , Geovandro C. C. F. Pereira , Bhargav Das , Michele Mosca

QUIC is a new network protocol standardized in 2021. It was designed to replace the TCP/TLS stack and is based on UDP. The most current web standard HTTP/3 is specifically designed to use QUIC as transport protocol. QUIC claims to provide…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Marcel Kempf , Nikolas Gauder , Benedikt Jaeger , Johannes Zirngibl , Georg Carle

With the development of Shor's algorithm, some nondeterministic polynomial (NP) time problems (e.g. prime factorization problems and discrete logarithm problems) may be solved in polynomial time. In recent years, although some homomorphic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Abel C. H. Chen

Cyber-security has become vital for modern networked control systems (NCS). In this paper, we propose that the emerging technology of quantum key distribution (QKD) can be applied to enhance the privacy and security of NCS up to an…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Hai-Jin Ding , Re-Bing Wu , Qian-Chuan Zhao

Digital signatures are fundamental cryptographic primitives that ensure the authenticity and integrity of digital communication. However, in scenarios involving sensitive interactions -- such as e-voting or e-cash -- there is a growing need…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shanu Poddar , Sweta Mishra , Tapaswini Mohanty , Vikas Srivastava , Sugata Gangopadhyay

We introduce the pseudorandom quantum authentication scheme (PQAS), an efficient method for encrypting quantum states that relies solely on the existence of pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs). The scheme guarantees that for any eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Tobias Haug , Nikhil Bansal , Wai-Keong Mok , Dax Enshan Koh , Kishor Bharti

Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs), which serve as the root of trust in secure systems, are secure crypto-processors that carry out cryptographic primitives. Should large-scale quantum computing become a reality, the cryptographic primitives…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Luís Fiolhais , Leonel Sousa

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has finalized the selection of post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms for use in the era of quantum computing. Despite their integration into TLS protocol for key establishment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Ben Dong , Qian Wang

Quantum digital signatures (QDS) offer information-theoretic security for message integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation, and constitute a fundamental cryptographic primitive for future quantum networks. Despite significant progress,…

The 5G protocol lacks a robust base station (BS) authentication mechanism during the initial bootstrapping phase, leaving it susceptible to threats such as fake BSs, spoofed broadcasts, and large-scale manipulation of System Information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Saleh Darzi , Mirza Masfiqur Rahman , Imtiaz Karim , Rouzbeh Behnia , Attila A Yavuz , Elisa Bertino

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to exchange a secret key between two parties. Unlike classical cryptographic systems, the security of QKD is not reliant on computational assumptions but is…

Authentication is a fundamental building block of secure quantum networks, essential for quantum cryptographic protocols and often debated as a key limitation of quantum key distribution (QKD) in security standards. Most quantum-safe…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Suchetana Goswami , Mina Doosti , Elham Kashefi

Advances in quantum computing make Shor's algorithm for factorising numbers ever more tractable. This threatens the security of any cryptographic system which often relies on the difficulty of factorisation. It also threatens methods based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Jon Barton , William J Buchanan , Nikolaos Pitropakis , Sarwar Sayeed , Will Abramson

Post-quantum cryptography-PQC- aims to develop public-key primitives that are secure against adversaries using classical and quantum computing technologies. This study introduces novel protocols, a key encapsulation mechanism, a digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Juan Pedro Hecht , Hugo Daniel Scolnik

In a quantum Trojan-horse attack (THA), eavesdroppers learn encoded information by injecting bright light into encoded or decoded devices of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. These attacks severely compromise the security of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Zijian Li , Bingbing Zheng , Chengxian Zhang , Zhenrong Zhang , Hong-Bo Xie , Kejin Wei

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic technique that leverages principles of quantum mechanics to offer extremely high levels of data security during transmission. It is well acknowledged for its capacity to accomplish provable…