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NLP benchmarks rely on standardized datasets for training and evaluating models and are crucial for advancing the field. Traditionally, expert annotations ensure high-quality labels; however, the cost of expert annotation does not scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Omer Nahum , Nitay Calderon , Orgad Keller , Idan Szpektor , Roi Reichart

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains but encounter substantial challenges in tackling optimization modeling tasks for Operations Research (OR), particularly when dealing with complex problem. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yurong Wu , Yuran Wang , Junkai Zhang , Jian Cheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) gain wider adoption, ensuring their reliable handling of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) across diverse regulatory contexts has become essential. This work introduces a scalable multilingual data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Bharti Meena , Joanna Skubisz , Harshit Rajgarhia , Nand Dave , Kiran Ganesh , Shivali Dalmia , Abhishek Mukherji , Vasudevan Sundarababu

The increasing volume of research paper submissions poses a significant challenge to the traditional academic peer-review system, leading to an overwhelming workload for reviewers. This study explores the potential of integrating Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Oscar Díaz , Xabier Garmendia , Juanan Pereira

State-of-the-art supervised NLP models achieve high accuracy but are also susceptible to failures on inputs from low-data regimes, such as domains that are not represented in training data. As an approximation to collecting ground-truth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Parikshit Bansal , Amit Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities under the widely adopted SFT+RLVR paradigm, which first performs Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) on human-annotated reasoning trajectories (rationales) to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Chaoxu Pang , Yixuan Cao , Ping Luo

Collecting labeled datasets in finance is challenging due to scarcity of domain experts and higher cost of employing them. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in data annotation tasks on general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Toyin Aguda , Suchetha Siddagangappa , Elena Kochkina , Simerjot Kaur , Dongsheng Wang , Charese Smiley , Sameena Shah

Information systems increasingly leverage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to generate value from vast amounts of data. However, ML models are imperfect and can generate incorrect classifications. Hence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Johannes Jakubik , Daniel Weber , Patrick Hemmer , Michael Vössing , Gerhard Satzger

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an integral part of many real-world workflows. However, LLMs consume a lot of energy, which becomes a large concern in the scale of the demand for these tools. As LLMs become integrated into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Katelyn Crumpacker , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

The success of AI assistants based on Language Models (LLMs) hinges on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to comprehend and align with user intentions. However, traditional alignment algorithms, such as PPO, are hampered by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Songyang Gao , Qiming Ge , Wei Shen , Shihan Dou , Junjie Ye , Xiao Wang , Rui Zheng , Yicheng Zou , Zhi Chen , Hang Yan , Qi Zhang , Dahua Lin

As generative AI models such as large language models (LLMs) become more pervasive, ensuring the safety, robustness, and overall trustworthiness of these systems is paramount. However, AI is currently facing a reproducibility crisis driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Deepak Pandita , Flip Korn , Chris Welty , Christopher M. Homan

Producing the required amounts of training data for machine learning and NLP tasks often involves human annotators doing very repetitive and monotonous work. In this paper, we present and evaluate our novel annotation framework DALPHI,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Robert Greinacher , Franziska Horn

Automatically annotating job data with standardized occupations from taxonomies, known as occupation classification, is crucial for labor market analysis. However, this task is often hindered by data scarcity and the challenges of manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Palakorn Achananuparp , Ee-Peng Lim , Yao Lu

AI systems in high-consequence domains such as defense, intelligence, and disaster response must detect rare, high-impact events while operating under tight resource constraints. Traditional annotation strategies that prioritize label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Dave Cook , Tim Klawa

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly large language models (LLMs), has brought significant advancements to the field of education. Among various applications, automatic short answer grading (ASAG), which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yucheng Chu , Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Yasemin Copur-Gencturk , Jiliang Tang

Recent advances in large video-language models (VLMs) rely on extensive fine-tuning techniques that strengthen alignment between textual and visual comprehension. Leading pipelines typically pair supervised fine-tuning (SFT) with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Derek Shi , Ruben Glatt , Christine Klymko , Shubham Mohole , Hongjun Choi , Shashank Kushwaha , Sam Sakla , Felipe Leno da Silva

Human-annotated preference data play an important role in aligning large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we study two connected questions: how to monitor the quality of human preference annotators and how to incentivize them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shang Liu , Hanzhao Wang , Zhongyao Ma , Xiaocheng Li

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled automated dataset labeling with minimal human supervision. While majority voting across multiple LLMs can improve label reliability by mitigating individual model biases, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Eray Can Elumar , Cem Tekin , Osman Yagan

We introduce LLM SELECTOR, the first framework for active model selection of Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike prior evaluation and benchmarking approaches that rely on fully annotated datasets, LLM SELECTOR efficiently identifies the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yavuz Durmazkeser , Patrik Okanovic , Andreas Kirsch , Torsten Hoefler , Nezihe Merve Gürel

Pairwise preferences over model responses are widely collected to evaluate and provide feedback to large language models (LLMs). Given two alternative model responses to the same input, a human or AI annotator selects the "better" response.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Arduin Findeis , Floris Weers , Guoli Yin , Ke Ye , Ruoming Pang , Tom Gunter
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