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The tremendous hype around autonomous driving is eagerly calling for emerging and novel technologies to support advanced mobility use cases. As car manufactures keep developing SAE level 3+ systems to improve the safety and comfort of…

Traffic simulation is essential for autonomous vehicle (AV) development, enabling comprehensive safety evaluation across diverse driving conditions. However, traditional rule-based simulators struggle to capture complex human interactions,…

Current validation methods often rely on recorded data and basic functional checks, which may not be sufficient to encompass the scenarios an autonomous vehicle might encounter. In addition, there is a growing need for complex scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Marc Kaufeld , Rainer Trauth , Johannes Betz

Prior work in 3D object detection evaluates models using offline metrics like average precision since closed-loop online evaluation on the downstream driving task is costly. However, it is unclear how indicative offline results are of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Tim Schreier , Katrin Renz , Andreas Geiger , Kashyap Chitta

Autonomous vehicles interacting with other traffic participants heavily rely on the perception and prediction of other agents' behaviors to plan safe trajectories. However, as occlusions limit the vehicle's perception ability, reasoning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Zixu Zhang , Jaime F. Fisac

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding and analyzing visual scenes across various domains. However, in the context of autonomous driving, their limited comprehension of 3D environments restricts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jannik Lübberstedt , Esteban Rivera , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

Runtime energy management has become quintessential for multi-sensor autonomous systems at the edge for achieving high performance given the platform constraints. Typical for such systems, however, is to have their controllers designed with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Mohanad Odema , James Ferlez , Yasser Shoukry , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque

Autonomous racing has emerged as a crucial testbed for autonomous driving algorithms, necessitating a simulation environment for both vehicle dynamics and sensor behavior. Striking the right balance between vehicle dynamics and sensor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Maurice Brunner , Edoardo Ghignone , Nicolas Baumann , Michele Magno

Autonomous racing is a challenging problem, as the vehicle needs to operate at the friction or handling limits in order to achieve minimum lap times. Autonomous race cars require highly accurate perception, state estimation, planning and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Dvij Kalaria , Qin Lin , John M. Dolan

We study a novel principle for safe and efficient collision avoidance that adopts a mathematically elegant and general framework abstracting as much as possible from the controlled vehicle's dynamics and of its environment. Vehicle dynamics…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-06 Qiang Wang , Dachuan Li , Joseph Sifakis

We present a versatile NeRF-based simulator for testing autonomous driving (AD) software systems, designed with a focus on sensor-realistic closed-loop evaluation and the creation of safety-critical scenarios. The simulator learns from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 William Ljungbergh , Adam Tonderski , Joakim Johnander , Holger Caesar , Kalle Åström , Michael Felsberg , Christoffer Petersson

The automated generation of diverse and complex training scenarios has been an important ingredient in many complex learning tasks. Especially in real-world application domains, such as autonomous driving, auto-curriculum generation is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Axel Brunnbauer , Luigi Berducci , Peter Priller , Dejan Nickovic , Radu Grosu

Contemporary deep-learning object detection methods for autonomous driving usually assume prefixed categories of common traffic participants, such as pedestrians and cars. Most existing detectors are unable to detect uncommon objects and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Kaican Li , Kai Chen , Haoyu Wang , Lanqing Hong , Chaoqiang Ye , Jianhua Han , Yukuai Chen , Wei Zhang , Chunjing Xu , Dit-Yan Yeung , Xiaodan Liang , Zhenguo Li , Hang Xu

This paper introduces CARLA (spatially Constrained Anchor-based Recursive Location Assignment), a recursive algorithm for assigning secondary or any activity locations in activity-based travel models. CARLA minimizes distance deviations…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Felix Petre , Lasse Bienzeisler , Bernhard Friedrich

Typical autonomous driving systems are a combination of machine learning algorithms (often involving neural networks) and classical feedback controllers. Whilst significant progress has been made in recent years on the neural network side…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Wenyu Liang , Pablo R. Baldivieso , Ross Drummond , Donghwan Shin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as a promising paradigm in autonomous driving (AD). However, current performance evaluation protocols for VLM-based AD systems (ADVLMs) are predominantly confined to open-loop settings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Tianyuan Zhang , Ting Jin , Lu Wang , Jiangfan Liu , Siyuan Liang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

In the pursuit of robust autonomous driving systems, models trained on real-world datasets often struggle to adapt to new environments, particularly when confronted with corner cases such as extreme weather conditions. Collecting these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jiacheng Zuo , Haibo Hu , Zikang Zhou , Yufei Cui , Ziquan Liu , Jianping Wang , Nan Guan , Jin Wang , Chun Jason Xue

Trajectory data analysis is an essential component for highly automated driving. Complex models developed with these data predict other road users' movement and behavior patterns. Based on these predictions - and additional contextual…

Simulation offers advantages throughout the development process of automated driving functions, both in research and product development. Common open-source simulators like CARLA are extensively used in training, evaluation, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Nils Gehrke , David Brecht , Dominik Kulmer , Dheer Patel , Frank Diermeyer

Scenario-based approaches have been receiving a huge amount of attention in research and engineering of automated driving systems. Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the driving environment, and the complexity of the driving task…