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Marine ecosystems face increasing pressure due to climate change, driving the need for scalable, AI-powered monitoring solutions to inform effective conservation and restoration efforts. This paper examines the rapid emergence of underwater…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Scarlett Raine , Tobias Fischer

The rapid advancement of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has introduced significant challenges for reliable AI-generated image detection. Existing detectors often suffer from performance degradation under distribution shifts and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Thanasis Pantsios , Dimitrios Karageorgiou , Christos Koutlis , George Karantaidis , Olga Papadopoulou , Symeon Papadopoulos

Biodiversity loss poses a significant threat to humanity, making wildlife monitoring essential for assessing ecosystem health. Avian species are ideal subjects for this due to their popularity and the ease of identifying them through their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Nina Brolich , Simon Geis , Maximilian Kasper , Alexander Barnhill , Axel Plinge , Dominik Seuß

Insects represent half of all global biodiversity, yet many of the world's insects are disappearing, with severe implications for ecosystems and agriculture. Despite this crisis, data on insect diversity and abundance remain woefully…

Non intrusive monitoring of animals in the wild is possible using camera trapping framework, which uses cameras triggered by sensors to take a burst of images of animals in their habitat. However camera trapping framework produces a high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Alexander Gomez , Augusto Salazar , Francisco Vargas

Understanding how biological communities respond to environmental changes is a key challenge in ecology and ecosystem management. The apparent decline of insect populations necessitates more biomonitoring but the time-consuming sorting and…

Uses of underwater videos to assess diversity and abundance of fish are being rapidly adopted by marine biologists. Manual processing of videos for quantification by human analysts is time and labour intensive. Automatic processing of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Ranju Mandal , Rod M. Connolly , Thomas A. Schlacherz , Bela Stantic

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often presented as a key tool for addressing societal challenges, such as climate change. At the same time, AI's environmental footprint is expanding increasingly. This report describes the systemic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Julian Schön , Lena Hoffmann , Nikolas Becker

Recognizing individual animals over time is central to many ecological and conservation questions, including estimating abundance, survival, movement, and social structure. Recent advances in automated identification from images and even…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a fast-growing research and development (R&D) discipline which is attracting increasing attention because of its promises to bring vast benefits for consumers and businesses, with considerable benefits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Zhenghua Chen , Min Wu , Alvin Chan , Xiaoli Li , Yew-Soon Ong

There is growing recognition among financial institutions, financial regulators and policy makers of the importance of addressing nature-related risks and opportunities. Evaluating and assessing nature-related risks for financial…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-01 Steven Reece , Emma O'Donnell , Felicia Liu , Joanna Wolstenholme , Frida Arriaga , Giacomo Ascenzi , Richard Pywell

Natural disasters, including earthquakes, wildfires and cyclones, bear a huge risk on human lives as well as infrastructure assets. An effective response to disaster depends on the ability to rapidly and efficiently assess the intensity of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Aman Raj , Lakshit Arora , Sanjay Surendranath Girija , Shashank Kapoor , Dipen Pradhan , Ankit Shetgaonkar

Sustainability encompasses three key facets: economic, environmental, and social. However, the nascent discourse that is emerging on sustainable artificial intelligence (AI) has predominantly focused on the environmental sustainability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Pedram Bakhtiarifard , Pınar Tözün , Christian Igel , Raghavendra Selvan

Humans are able to categorize images very efficiently, in particular to detect the presence of an animal very quickly. Recently, deep learning algorithms based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved higher than human accuracy…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-01 Jean-Nicolas Jérémie , Laurent U Perrinet

Scientific and technological advances in numerical modelling have improved the quality of climate predictions over recent decades, but predictive skill remains limited in many aspects. Extreme events such as heat and cold waves, droughts,…

Artificial Intelligence, machine learning (AI/ML) has allowed exploring solutions for a variety of environmental and climate questions ranging from natural disasters, greenhouse gas emission, monitoring biodiversity, agriculture, to weather…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Srija Chakraborty

Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have generated widespread enthusiasm for the potential of AI to support our understanding and protection of the environment. As such tools move from basic research to more consequential settings,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Nicolas Rothbacher , Kit T. Rodolfa , Mihir Bhaskar , Erin Maneri , Christine Tsang , Daniel E. Ho

Wildfires pose a serious threat to the environment of the world. The global wildfire season length has increased by 19% and severe wildfires have besieged nations around the world. Every year, forests are burned by wildfires, causing vast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Prisha Shroff

Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, requiring rapid action across society. As artificial intelligence tools (AI) are rapidly deployed, it is therefore crucial to understand how they will impact climate action.…

Wild salmon are essential to the ecological, economic, and cultural sustainability of the North Pacific Rim. Yet climate variability, habitat loss, and data limitations in remote ecosystems that lack basic infrastructure support pose…