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Simulations suggest that turbulence is ubiquitous in the circumgalactic medium (CGM), though the source and properties of CGM turbulence is uncertain. Using analytic considerations and hydrodynamic simulations we study how CGM turbulence is…

Temperature of the hot gas in galaxy clusters is known to be a reliable proxy for their total gravitating mass, allowing one to use spectroscopic X-ray observations for halo mass function measurements. Data of shallow wide area surveys,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 A. Kruglov , I. Khabibullin , N. Lyskova , K. Dolag , V. Biffi

We use gas-dynamical simulations of galaxy clusters to compare their X-ray and strong lensing properties. Special emphasis is laid on mass estimates. The cluster masses range between 6 x 10^14 solar masses and 4 x 10^15 solar masses, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Matthias Bartelmann , Matthias Steinmetz

(Abridged) We use a hydrodynamic simulation of a LambdaCDM model to predict the extragalactic X-ray background (XRB), focussing on emission from the intergalactic medium (IGM). We also include X-rays from point sources associated with…

We present numerical simulations of galaxy clusters with stochastic heating from active galactic nuclei (AGN) that are able to reproduce the observed entropy and temperature profiles of non-cool-core (NCC) clusters. Our study uses N-body…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-30 C. J. Short , P. A. Thomas , O. E. Young

When measuring the observed pressure, density or temperature profiles of the intracluster gas, and hence the mass of clusters of galaxies, projection effects or departures from the spherical symmetry hypothesis may induce biases. In order…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-08 Théo Lebeau , Jenny G. Sorce , Nabila Aghanim , Elena Hernández-Martínez , Klaus Dolag

We introduce the Hydrangea simulations, a suite of 24 cosmological hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of massive galaxy clusters (M_200c = 10^14-10^15 M_Sun) with baryon particle masses of ~10^6 M_Sun. Designed to study the impact of the…

The cold ($\sim 10^{4}\,{\rm K}$) component of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) accounts for a significant fraction of all galactic baryons. However, using current galaxy-scale simulations to determine the origin and evolution of cold CGM…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-20 Iryna S. Butsky , Cameron B. Hummels , Philip F. Hopkins , Thomas R. Quinn , Jessica K. Werk

Within the standard framework of structure formation, where clusters and groups of galaxies are built up from the merging of smaller systems, the physical properties of the intracluster medium, such as the gas temperature and the total…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Arif Babul , Michael L. Balogh , Geraint F. Lewis , Gregory B. Poole

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) regulates galaxy growth and retains the imprint of feedback from supernovae and supermassive black holes. However, the bulk of the hot CGM produces little X-ray emission and is challenging to study with X-ray…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-27 Nhut Truong , Maxim Markevitch , Dylan Nelson , Chris Byrohl

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) is a key component needed to understand the physical processes governing the flows of gas around galaxies. Quantifying its evolution and its dependence on galaxy properties is particularly important for our…

(Abridged) We explore new observationally-constrained sub-resolution models of galactic outflows and investigate their impact on the circumgalactic medium (CGM) over redshifts z = 2 - 4. We perform cosmological hydrodynamic simulations,…

Galaxy groups are more than an intermediate scale between clusters and halos hosting individual galaxies, they are crucial laboratories capable of testing a range of astrophysics from how galaxies form and evolve to large scale structure…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-06-28 Benjamin D. Oppenheimer , Arif Babul , Yannick Bahé , Iryna S. Butsky , Ian G. McCarthy

We present a series of three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of central AGN driven jets in a dynamic, cosmologically evolved galaxy cluster. Extending previous work, we study jet powers ranging from L_jet = 10^44 erg/s to L_jet =…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Brian J. Morsony , Sebastian Heinz , Marcus Bruggen , Mateusz Ruszkowski

A set of 66 3D hydrodynamical simulations explores how galactic stellar mass affects three-phase, starburst-driven outflows. Simulated velocities are compared to two basic analytic models: with (Johnson \& Axford 1971) and without…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-26 Ryan Tanner

Coupling between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is critical to the interplay between radiative cooling and feedback heating in the atmospheres of the universe's most massive galaxies. This paper presents a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-22 Deovrat Prasad , G. Mark Voit , Brian W. O'Shea

During the last decade, numerous and varied observations, along with increasingly sophisticated numerical simulations, have awakened astronomers to the central role the circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays in regulating galaxy evolution. It…

The location of a galaxy cluster's centroid is typically derived from observations of the galactic and/or gas component of the cluster, but these typically deviate from the true centre. This can produce bias when observations are combined…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Z. Yan , N. Raza , L. Van Waerbeke , A. J. Mead , I. G. McCarthy , T. Troester , G. Hinshaw

We investigate the impact of a cosmic X-ray background (CXB) on Population III stars forming in a minihalo at $z\simeq25$. Using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code GADGET-2, we attain sufficient numerical resolution to follow gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-09-30 Jacob A. Hummel , Athena Stacy , Myoungwon Jeon , Anthony Oliveri , Volker Bromm

We present a suite of three-dimensional, high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations that follow the evolution of a massive (10^7 M_sun) pressure confined, star-forming neutral gas cloud moving through a hot intra-cluster medium (ICM). The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Francesco Calura , Michele Bellazzini , Annibale D'Ercole