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Predicting the future trajectories of on-road vehicles is critical for autonomous driving. In this paper, we introduce a novel prediction framework called PRIME, which stands for Prediction with Model-based Planning. Unlike recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Haoran Song , Di Luan , Wenchao Ding , Michael Yu Wang , Qifeng Chen

Recent advancements in autonomous vehicles (AVs) use Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform well in normal driving scenarios. However, ensuring safety in dynamic, high-risk environments and managing safety-critical long-tail events remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhiyuan Zhou , Heye Huang , Boqi Li , Shiyue Zhao , Yao Mu , Jianqiang Wang

Autonomous vehicles rely on accurate trajectory prediction to inform decision-making processes related to navigation and collision avoidance. However, current trajectory prediction models show signs of overfitting, which may lead to unsafe…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Jeroen Hagenus , Frederik Baymler Mathiesen , Julian F. Schumann , Arkady Zgonnikov

In-car conversational AI is becoming increasingly critical as autonomous vehicles and smart assistants gain widespread adoption. Yet, existing datasets fail to capture the spontaneous disfluencies such as hesitations, false starts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Anshul Chavda , M Jagadeesh , Chintalapalli Raja Kullayappa , B Jayaprakash , Medchalimi Sruthi , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

With the rise of deep neural networks, especially in safety-critical applications, robustness and interpretability are crucial to ensure their trustworthiness. Recent advances in 3D-aware classifiers that map image features to volumetric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nhi Pham , Artur Jesslen , Bernt Schiele , Adam Kortylewski , Jonas Fischer

Modeling car-following behavior is fundamental to microscopic traffic simulation, yet traditional deterministic models often fail to capture the full extent of variability and unpredictability in human driving. While many modern approaches…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-30 Chengyuan Zhang , Zhengbing He , Cathy Wu , Lijun Sun

In hybrid traffic environments where human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs) coexist, achieving safe and robust decision-making for AV platooning remains a complex challenge. Existing platooning systems often struggle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Chengkai Xu , Zihao Deng , Jiaqi Liu , Aijing Kong , Yu Tang , Chao Huang , Peng Hang

End-to-end autonomous driving frameworks face persistent challenges in generalization, training efficiency, and interpretability. While recent methods leverage Vision-Language Models (VLMs) through supervised learning on large-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Lin Li , Yuxin Cai , Jianwu Fang , Jianru Xue , Chen Lv

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have sparked interest in their use for autonomous driving, particularly in generating interpretable driving decisions through natural language. However, the assumption that VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Shaoyuan Xie , Lingdong Kong , Yuhao Dong , Chonghao Sima , Wenwei Zhang , Qi Alfred Chen , Ziwei Liu , Liang Pan

Vision-language models enable the understanding and reasoning of complex traffic scenarios through multi-source information fusion, establishing it as a core technology for autonomous driving. However, existing vision-language models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Minghui Hou , Wei-Hsing Huang , Shaofeng Liang , Daizong Liu , Tai-Hao Wen , Gang Wang , Runwei Guan , Weiping Ding

Imagine experiencing a crash as the passenger of an autonomous vehicle. Wouldn't you want to know why it happened? Current end-to-end optimizable deep neural networks (DNNs) in 3D detection, multi-object tracking, and motion forecasting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Benjamin Thérien , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Advances in machine learning methods for computer vision tasks have led to their consideration for safety-critical applications like autonomous driving. However, effectively integrating these methods into the automotive development…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Youssef Shoeb , Azarm Nowzad , Hanno Gottschalk

Current evaluation methods for autonomous driving prediction models rely heavily on simplistic metrics such as Average Displacement Error (ADE) and Final Displacement Error (FDE). While these metrics offer basic performance assessments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Feifei Liu , Haozhe Wang , Zejun Wei , Qirong Lu , Yiyang Wen , Xiaoyu Tang , Jingyan Jiang , Zhijian He

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promising capabilities in scene understanding, enhancing the explainability of driving behaviors and interactivity with users. Existing methods primarily fine-tune VLMs on on-board multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nan Song , Bozhou Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jiankang Deng , Li Zhang

Current deep learning based autonomous driving approaches yield impressive results also leading to in-production deployment in certain controlled scenarios. One of the most popular and fascinating approaches relies on learning vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Luca Cultrera , Lorenzo Seidenari , Federico Becattini , Pietro Pala , Alberto Del Bimbo

Autonomous driving heavily relies on perception systems to interpret the environment for decision-making. To enhance robustness in these safety critical applications, this paper considers a Deep Ensemble of Deep Neural Network regressors…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Xiao Li , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Deep Neural Networks have become the dominant solution for Autonomous Driving perception, but their opacity conflicts with emerging Trustworthy AI guidelines and complicates safety assurance, debugging, and human oversight. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Till Beemelmanns , Shayan Sharifi , Manas Mehrotra , Ayushman Choudhuri , Lutz Eckstein

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are poised to revolutionize global transportation systems. However, its widespread acceptance and market penetration remain significantly below expectations. This gap is primarily driven by persistent challenges in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuxin Zhang , Cheng Wang , Hubert P. H. Shum

Autonomous driving requires rich contextual comprehension and precise predictive reasoning to navigate dynamic and complex environments safely. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Driving World Models (DWMs) have independently emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jingyu Li , Bozhou Zhang , Xin Jin , Jiankang Deng , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

We present DSDrive, a streamlined end-to-end paradigm tailored for integrating the reasoning and planning of autonomous vehicles into a unified framework. DSDrive leverages a compact LLM that employs a distillation method to preserve the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Wenru Liu , Pei Liu , Jun Ma