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State-of-the-art neural networks can be trained to become remarkable solutions to many problems. But while these architectures can express symbolic, perfect solutions, trained models often arrive at approximations instead. We show that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Matan Abudy , Orr Well , Emmanuel Chemla , Roni Katzir , Nur Lan

Graph neural networks, which generalize deep neural network models to graph structured data, have attracted increasing attention in recent years. They usually learn node representations by transforming, propagating and aggregating node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Yao Ma , Suhang Wang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Jiliang Tang

We introduce BN-Pool, the first clustering-based pooling method for Graph Neural Networks that adaptively determines the number of supernodes in a coarsened graph. BN-Pool leverages a generative model based on a Bayesian nonparametric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Daniele Castellana , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful tool for graph representation learning. However, most contrastive learning methods learn features of graphs with fixed coarse-grained scale, which might underestimate either local or global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Jun Wang , Weixun Li , Changyu Hou , Xin Tang , Yixuan Qiao , Rui Fang , Pengyong Li , Peng Gao , Guotong Xie

In this paper, we develop a novel local graph pooling method, namely the Separated Subgraph-based Hierarchical Pooling (SSHPool), for graph classification. We commence by assigning the nodes of a sample graph into different clusters,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Zhuo Xu , Lixin Cui , Ming Li , Yue Wang , Ziyu Lyu , Hangyuan Du , Lu Bai , Philip S. Yu , Edwin R. Hancock

Multi-distribution learning (MDL), which seeks to learn a shared model that minimizes the worst-case risk across $k$ distinct data distributions, has emerged as a unified framework in response to the evolving demand for robustness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zihan Zhang , Wenhao Zhan , Yuxin Chen , Simon S. Du , Jason D. Lee

Graph neural networks have achieved great success in learning node representations for graph tasks such as node classification and link prediction. Graph representation learning requires graph pooling to obtain graph representations from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Zhengyang Wang , Shuiwang Ji

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have enabled major advances in image classification through convolution and pooling. In particular, image pooling transforms a connected discrete lattice into a reduced lattice with the same connectivity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Stevan Stanovic , Benoit Gaüzère , Luc Brun

The ability to capture complex linguistic structures and long-term dependencies among words in the passage is essential for discourse-level relation extraction (DRE) tasks. Graph neural networks (GNNs), one of the methods to encode…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-16 I-Hung Hsu , Xiao Guo , Premkumar Natarajan , Nanyun Peng

In the signal processing and statistics literature, the minimum description length (MDL) principle is a popular tool for choosing model complexity. Successful examples include signal denoising and variable selection in linear regression,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-28 Zhenyu Wei , Raymond K. W. Wong , Thomas C. M. Lee

Brain surface analysis is essential to neuroscience, however, the complex geometry of the brain cortex hinders computational methods for this task. The difficulty arises from a discrepancy between 3D imaging data, which is represented in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Karthik Gopinath , Christian Desrosiers , Herve Lombaert

Leveraging the diversity and quantity of data provided by various graph-structured data augmentations while preserving intrinsic semantic information is challenging. Additionally, successive layers in graph neural network (GNN) tend to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jie Chen , Hua Mao , Chuanbin Liu , Zhu Wang , Xi Peng

Accurate traffic conditions prediction provides a solid foundation for vehicle-environment coordination and traffic control tasks. Because of the complexity of road network data in spatial distribution and the diversity of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Shilin Pu , Liang Chu , Zhuoran Hou , Jincheng Hu , Yanjun Huang , Yuanjian Zhang

Graph neural networks have been widely used on modeling graph data, achieving impressive results on node classification and link prediction tasks. Yet, obtaining an accurate representation for a graph further requires a pooling function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Jinheon Baek , Minki Kang , Sung Ju Hwang

The integration of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Graph Question Answering (GraphQA). However, effective methods for encoding complex structural information into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ankit Grover , Lodovico Giaretta , Rémi Bourgerie , Sarunas Girdzijauskas

Modern statistical modeling is an important complement to the more traditional approach of physics where Complex Systems are studied by means of extremely simple idealized models. The Minimum Description Length (MDL) is a principled…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-20 Juan Ignacio Perotti , Claudio Juan Tessone , Aaron Clauset , Guido Caldarelli

The power of sparse signal coding with learned dictionaries has been demonstrated in a variety of applications and fields, from signal processing to statistical inference and machine learning. However, the statistical properties of these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-25 Ignacio Ramírez , Guillermo Sapiro

Pooling is a critical operation in convolutional neural networks for increasing receptive fields and improving robustness to input variations. Most existing pooling operations downsample the feature maps, which is a lossy process. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Jiaojiao Zhao , Cees G. M. Snoek

Pooling is essentially an operation from the field of Mathematical Morphology, with max pooling as a limited special case. The more general setting of MorphPooling greatly extends the tool set for building neural networks. In addition to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Rick Groenendijk , Leo Dorst , Theo Gevers

Convolutional layers in graph neural networks are a fundamental type of layer which output a representation or embedding of each graph vertex. The representation typically encodes information about the vertex in question and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Padraig Corcoran