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Hallucination detection remains a fundamental challenge for the safe and reliable deployment of large language models (LLMs), especially in applications requiring factual accuracy. Existing hallucination benchmarks often operate at the…

Hallucinations in large vision-language models (LVLMs) pose significant challenges for real-world applications, as LVLMs may generate responses that appear plausible yet remain inconsistent with the associated visual content. This issue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Xin Dong , Shichao Dong , Jin Wang , Jing Huang , Li Zhou , Zenghui Sun , Lihua Jing , Jingsong Lan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in open-vocabulary perceptual tasks, yet their ability to solve complex cognitive problems remains limited, especially when visual details are abstract and require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boyi Li , Yifan Shen , Yuanzhe Liu , Yifan Xu , Jiateng Liu , Xinzhuo Li , Zhengyuan Li , Jingyuan Zhu , Yunhan Zhong , Fangzhou Lan , Jianguo Cao , James M. Rehg , Heng Ji , Ismini Lourentzou , Xu Cao

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable progress, yet hallucination remains a critical barrier, particularly in chart understanding, which requires sophisticated perceptual and cognitive abilities as well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xingqi Wang , Yiming Cui , Xin Yao , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu , Xiaoyu Qin

Multimodal language models (MLMs) show promise for clinical decision support and diagnostic reasoning, raising the prospect of end-to-end automated medical image interpretation. However, clinicians are highly selective in adopting AI tools;…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Mahtab Bigverdi , Wisdom Ikezogwo , Kevin Zhang , Hyewon Jeong , Mingyu Lu , Sungjae Cho , Linda Shapiro , Ranjay Krishna

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on various visual-language understanding and generation tasks. However, MLLMs occasionally generate content inconsistent with the given images, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Peng Ding , Jingyu Wu , Jun Kuang , Dan Ma , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Shi Chen , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has demonstrated remarkable advances in perception and reasoning, suggesting their potential for embodied intelligence. While recent studies have evaluated embodied MLLMs in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shengyu Guo , Tongrui Ye , Jianbo Zhang , Zicheng Zhang , Chunyi Li , Guangtao Zhai

Despite their impressive capabilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., the generated content that is nonsensical or unfaithful to input sources. Unlike in LLMs, hallucinations in MLLMs often stem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Zou , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Kening Zheng , Sirui Huang , Junkai Chen , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Chang Tang , Xuming Hu

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks, their practical deployment is severely hindered by hallucination issues, which become particularly acute during Reinforcement Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Miao Pan , Wangjie Gan , Jintao Chen , Wenqi Zhang , Bing Sun , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) hallucinate with confidence: their outputs can be fluent, authoritative, and simply wrong. In medical, legal, and scientific applications this failure causes direct harm, and detecting it from internal model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Khizar Hussain , Murat Kantarcioglu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) deliver detailed responses on vision-language tasks, yet remain susceptible to object hallucination (introducing objects not present in the image), undermining reliability in practice. Prior efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shiwei Tan , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Qi Xu , Zhigang Hua , Hao Wang

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) advance rapidly, rigorous evaluation has become essential, providing further guidance for their development. In this work, we focus on a unified and robust evaluation of \textbf{vision perception}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Feng Chen , Chenhui Gou , Jing Liu , Yang Yang , Zhaoyang Li , Jiyuan Zhang , Zhenbang Sun , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in various applications such as visual question answering, visual perception, understanding, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Jian Li , Weiheng Lu , Hao Fei , Meng Luo , Ming Dai , Min Xia , Yizhang Jin , Zhenye Gan , Ding Qi , Chaoyou Fu , Ying Tai , Wankou Yang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promise in single-agent vision tasks, yet benchmarks for evaluating multi-agent collaborative perception remain scarce. This gap is critical, as multi-drone systems provide enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jirong Zha , Yuxuan Fan , Tianyu Zhang , Geng Chen , Yingfeng Chen , Chen Gao , Xinlei Chen

The hallucination issue is recognized as a fundamental deficiency of large language models (LLMs), especially when applied to fields such as finance, education, and law. Despite the growing concerns, there has been a lack of empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Haoqiang Kang , Xiao-Yang Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong capabilities across a broad range of benchmarks. However, most existing evaluations focus on passive inference, where models perform step-by-step reasoning under complete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Hongcheng Liu , Pingjie Wang , Yuhao Wang , Siqu Ou , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Recent studies have examined attention dynamics in large vision-language models (LVLMs) to detect hallucinations. However, existing approaches remain limited in reliably distinguishing hallucinated from factually grounded outputs, as they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Xiaofeng Zhang , Yuanchao Zhu , Chaochen Gu , Xiaosong Yuan , Qiyan Zhao , Jiawei Cao , Feilong Tang , Sinan Fan , Yaomin Shen , Chen Shen , Hao Tang

Humans can imagine and manipulate visual images mentally, a capability known as spatial visualization. While many multi-modal benchmarks assess reasoning on visible visual information, the ability to infer unseen relationships through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siting Wang , Minnan Pei , Luoyang Sun , Cheng Deng , Yuchen Li , Kun Shao , Zheng Tian , Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) -- generations that are plausible but factually unfaithful -- remain a critical barrier to high-stakes deployment. Current detection methods typically rely on computationally expensive external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Manish Bhatt

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown impressive performance in various tasks. However, LVLMs suffer from hallucination, which hinders their adoption in the real world. Existing studies emphasized that the strong language priors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Zongyu Wu , Yuwei Niu , Hongcheng Gao , Minhua Lin , Zhiwei Zhang , Zhifang Zhang , Qi Shi , Yilong Wang , Sike Fu , Junjie Xu , Junjie Ao , Enyan Dai , Lei Feng , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang