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Mapping informal settlements is crucial for addressing challenges related to urban planning, public health, and infrastructure in rapidly growing cities. Geospatial machine learning has emerged as a key tool for detecting and mapping these…

Effective building pattern recognition is critical for understanding urban form, automating map generalization, and visualizing 3D city models. Most existing studies use object-independent methods based on visual perception rules and…

It is not until recently that graph neural networks (GNNs) are adopted to perform graph representation learning, among which, those based on the aggregation of features within the neighborhood of a node achieved great success. However,…

Characterizing and understanding graph neural networks (GNNs) is essential for identifying performance bottlenecks and facilitating their deployment in parallel and distributed systems. Despite substantial work in this area, a comprehensive…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have made significant advances on several fundamental inference tasks. As a result, there is a surge of interest in using these models for making potentially important decisions in high-regret applications.…

Large-eddy simulations (LES) require closures for filtered production rates because the resolved fields do not contain all correlations that govern chemical source terms. We develop a graph neural network (GNN) that predicts filtered…

Graph structured data, specifically text-attributed graphs (TAG), effectively represent relationships among varied entities. Such graphs are essential for semi-supervised node classification tasks. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely applied to various fields due to their powerful representations of graph-structured data. Despite the success of GNNs, most existing GNNs are designed to learn node representations on the fixed…

In this paper we cast neural networks defined on graphs as message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) in order to study the distinguishing power of different classes of such models. We are interested in whether certain architectures are able…

Exploring meaningful structural regularities embedded in networks is a key to understanding and analyzing the structure and function of a network. The node-attribute information can help improve such understanding and analysis. However,…

Graph neural network (GNN) is a popular tool to learn the lower-dimensional representation of a graph. It facilitates the applicability of machine learning tasks on graphs by incorporating domain-specific features. There are various options…

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been shown powerful capacity at modeling structural data. However, when adapted to downstream tasks, it usually requires abundant task-specific labeled data, which can be extremely scarce in…

Graph Neural Networks have emerged as a useful tool to learn on the data by applying additional constraints based on the graph structure. These graphs are often created with assumed intrinsic relations between the entities. In recent years,…

Graph Transformer (GT), as a special type of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), utilizes multi-head attention to facilitate high-order message passing. However, this also imposes several limitations in node classification applications: 1) nodes…

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as the de-facto model class for representation learning on graphs, are built upon the multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) architecture with additional message passing layers to allow features to flow across nodes.…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years and have achieved excellent performance in semi-supervised node classification tasks. The success of most GNNs relies on one fundamental assumption, i.e., the…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are characterized by their capacity of processing graph-structured data. However, due to the sparsity of labels under semi-supervised learning, they have been found to exhibit biased performance on specific…

Foundation models pretrained on large data have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities across domains. Building on the success of TabPFN for tabular data and its recent extension to time series, we investigate whether…

Graphs neural networks (GNNs) learn node features by aggregating and combining neighbor information, which have achieved promising performance on many graph tasks. However, GNNs are mostly treated as black-boxes and lack human intelligible…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) can process graphs of different sizes, but their ability to generalize across sizes, specifically from small to large graphs, is still not well understood. In this paper, we identify an important type of data…