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Existing large language models (LLMs) show exceptional problem-solving capabilities but might struggle with complex reasoning tasks. Despite the successes of chain-of-thought and tree-based search methods, they mainly depend on the internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jinhao Jiang , Jiayi Chen , Junyi Li , Ruiyang Ren , Shijie Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang

This paper introduces the MCT Self-Refine (MCTSr) algorithm, an innovative integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), designed to enhance performance in complex mathematical reasoning tasks. Addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Di Zhang , Xiaoshui Huang , Dongzhan Zhou , Yuqiang Li , Wanli Ouyang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable human-level natural language generation capabilities. However, their potential to generate misinformation, often called the hallucination problem, poses a significant risk to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Sehyun Choi , Tianqing Fang , Zhaowei Wang , Yangqiu Song

Current literature, aiming to surpass the "Chain-of-Thought" approach, often resorts to external modi operandi involving halting, modifying, and then resuming the generation process to boost Large Language Models' (LLMs) reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Bilgehan Sel , Ahmad Al-Tawaha , Vanshaj Khattar , Ruoxi Jia , Ming Jin

We study how to efficiently combine formal methods, Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), and deep learning in order to produce high-quality receding horizon policies in large Markov Decision processes (MDPs). In particular, we use model-checking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Debraj Chakraborty , Damien Busatto-Gaston , Jean-François Raskin , Guillermo A. Pérez

LLM-powered systems require complex multi-step decision-making abilities to solve real-world tasks, yet current planning approaches face a trade-off between the high latency of inference-time search and the limited generalization of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xin Xie , Dongyun Xue , Wuguannan Yao , Mingxiao Feng , Wengang Zhou , Xiang Qi , Houqiang Li , Peng Zhang

Generating natural language under complex constraints is a principled formulation towards controllable text generation. We present a framework to allow specification of combinatorial constraints for sentence generation. We propose TSMH, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Maosen Zhang , Nan Jiang , Lei Li , Yexiang Xue

Instruction tuning is a crucial technique for aligning language models with humans' actual goals in the real world. Extensive research has highlighted the quality of instruction data is essential for the success of this alignment. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chenglin Li , Qianglong Chen , Zhi Li , Feng Tao , Yicheng Li , Hao Chen , Fei Yu , Yin Zhang

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) methods, such as Upper Confidence Bound applied to Trees (UCT), are instrumental to automated planning techniques. However, UCT can be slow to explore an optimal action when it initially appears inferior to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Michael Painter , Mohamed Baioumy , Nick Hawes , Bruno Lacerda

Repository-level software engineering tasks require large language models (LLMs) to efficiently navigate and extract information from complex codebases through multi-turn tool interactions. Existing approaches face significant limitations:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Guochang Li , Yuchen Liu , Zhen Qin , Yunkun Wang , Jianping Zhong , Chen Zhi , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Shuiguang Deng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant advances in reasoning tasks. A key approach is tree-based search with verifiers, which expand candidate reasoning paths and use reward models to guide pruning and selection. Although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yingqian Cui , Zhenwei Dai , Pengfei He , Bing He , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Jingying Zeng , Suhang Wang , Yue Xing , Jiliang Tang , Benoit Dumoulin

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has recently emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of LLMs. Techniques such as SFT or DPO have enabled LLMs to distill high-quality behaviors from MCTS, improving their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xiyao Wang , Linfeng Song , Ye Tian , Dian Yu , Baolin Peng , Haitao Mi , Furong Huang , Dong Yu

Automatic food recipe generation methods provide a creative tool for chefs to explore and to create new, and interesting culinary delights. Given the recent success of large language models (LLMs), they have the potential to create new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Karan Taneja , Richard Segal , Richard Goodwin

The quality of mesh generation has long been considered a vital aspect in providing engineers with reliable simulation results throughout the history of the Finite Element Method (FEM). The element extraction method, which is currently the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Hua Tong

Distractors-incorrect yet plausible answer choices in multiple-choice questions (MCQs)-are vital in educational assessments, as they help identify student misconceptions by presenting potential reasoning errors. Current distractor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tao Wu , Jingyuan Chen , Wang Lin , Jian Zhan , Mengze Li , Fangzhou Jin , Min Zhang , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) is a popular choice for solving sequential anytime problems. However, it depends on a numeric feedback signal, which can be difficult to define. Real-time MCTS is a variant which may only rarely encounter…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Tobias Joppen , Christian Wirth , Johannes Fürnkranz

The AlphaZero/MuZero (A/MZ) family of algorithms has achieved remarkable success across various challenging domains by integrating Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) with learned models. Learned models introduce epistemic uncertainty, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yaniv Oren , Viliam Vadocz , Matthijs T. J. Spaan , Wendelin Böhmer

Despite its groundbreaking success in Go and computer games, Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is computationally expensive as it requires a substantial number of rollouts to construct the search tree, which calls for effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Anji Liu , Yitao Liang , Ji Liu , Guy Van den Broeck , Jianshu Chen

Finding a concise and interpretable mathematical formula that accurately describes the relationship between each variable and the predicted value in the data is a crucial task in scientific research, as well as a significant challenge in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Yanjie Li , Weijun Li , Lina Yu , Min Wu , Jingyi Liu , Wenqiang Li , Meilan Hao , Shu Wei , Yusong Deng

There exists a broad class of sequencing problems, for example, in proteins and polymers that can be formulated as a heuristic search algorithm that involve decision making akin to a computer game. AI gaming algorithms such as Monte Carlo…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-06-08 Tarak K Patra , Troy D. Loeffler , Subramanian K R S Sankaranarayanan