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Quantum machine learning (QML) has attracted considerable research interest, yet whether it offers practical benefits over classical approaches remains an open question. The choice of data encoding significantly influences QML performance,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Lena Tokuhiro , Amine Bentellis , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Computation is an input-output process, where a program encoding a problem to be solved is inserted into a machine that outputs a solution. Quantum computation conventionally relies on classical, external control outside the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Florian Meier , Marcus Huber , Paul Erker , Jake Xuereb

We introduce a general mapping for encoding quantum communication protocols involving pure states of multiple qubits, unitary transformations, and projective measurements into another set of protocols that employ coherent states of light in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-05 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Fully homomorphic encryption enables arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting the data. Here it is studied in the context of quantum information processing. Based on universal quantum circuit, we present a quantum fully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-23 Min Liang

Recent advancements in quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML) have garnered significant attention, leading to substantial efforts toward the development of quantum machine learning (QML) algorithms to address a variety of complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

In dynamic quantum circuits, classical information from mid-circuit measurements is fed forward during circuit execution. This emerging capability of quantum computers confers numerous advantages that can enable more efficient and powerful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-28 Elisa Bäumer , Vinay Tripathi , Alireza Seif , Daniel Lidar , Derek S. Wang

Quantum error-correcting codes are constructed that embed a finite-dimensional code space in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space of a system described by continuous quantum variables. These codes exploit the noncommutative geometry of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Daniel Gottesman , Alexei Kitaev , John Preskill

We formulate a semi-classical circuit model to clarify the role of quantum entanglement in the recently discovered encoding phase transitions in quantum circuits with measurements. As a starting point we define a random circuit model with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-12 Anasuya Lyons , Soonwon Choi , Ehud Altman

qPCF is a paradigmatic quantum programming language that ex- tends PCF with quantum circuits and a quantum co-processor. Quantum circuits are treated as classical data that can be duplicated and manipulated in flexible ways by means of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Luca Paolini , Mauro Piccolo , Margherita Zorzi

Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field that enables exponential speed-up over classical algorithms. At the heart of this revolutionary technology are quantum circuits, which serve as vital tools for implementing, analyzing, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-30 Zhen Wen , Yihan Liu , Siwei Tan , Jieyi Chen , Minfeng Zhu , Dongming Han , Jianwei Yin , Mingliang Xu , Wei Chen

Quantum codes are subspaces of the state space of a quantum system that are used to protect quantum information. Some common classes of quantum codes are stabilizer (or additive) codes, non-stabilizer (or non-additive) codes obtained from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-05 Hari Dilip Kumar , B. Sundar Rajan

The basic idea of quantum computing is surprisingly similar to that of kernel methods in machine learning, namely to efficiently perform computations in an intractably large Hilbert space. In this paper we explore some theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-06 Maria Schuld , Nathan Killoran

Quantum signal processing combined with quantum eigenvalue transformation has recently emerged as a unifying framework for several quantum algorithms. In its standard form, it consists of two separate routines: block encoding, which encodes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Martina Nibbi , Christian B. Mendl

Simulating complex systems remains an ongoing challenge for classical computers, while being recognised as a task where a quantum computer has a natural advantage. In both digital and analogue quantum simulations the system description is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Maite Arcos , Harriet Apel , Toby Cubitt

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field that investigates the capabilities of quantum computers for learning tasks. While QML models can theoretically offer advantages such as exponential speed-ups, challenges in data loading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Florian J. Kiwit , Bernhard Jobst , Andre Luckow , Frank Pollmann , Carlos A. Riofrío

We demonstrate the applicability of a universal gate set in the parity encoding, which is a dual to the standard gate model, by exploring several quantum gate algorithms such as the quantum Fourier transform and quantum addition. Embedding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-03 Michael Fellner , Anette Messinger , Kilian Ender , Wolfgang Lechner

With the rapid progress in quantum hardware and software, the need for verification of quantum systems becomes increasingly crucial. While model checking is a dominant and very successful technique for verifying classical systems, its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Xin Hong , Dingchao Gao , Sanjiang Li , Shenggang Ying , Mingsheng Ying

We expand a set of notions recently introduced providing the general setting for a universal representation of the quantum structure on which quantum information stands. The dynamical evolution process associated with generic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Annalisa Marzuoli , Mario Rasetti

Quantum information science explores the frontier of highly complex quantum states, the "entanglement frontier." This study is motivated by the observation (widely believed but unproven) that classical systems cannot simulate highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-13 John Preskill

The data input model is a fundamental component of every quantum algorithm, as its efficiency is crucial for achieving potential speed-ups over classical methods. For quantum linear algebra tasks that utilize quantum eigenvalue or singular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Andreas Sturm , Niclas Schillo