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Accelerating the inference of large language models (LLMs) has been a critical challenge in generative AI. Speculative decoding (SD) substantially improves LLM inference efficiency. However, its utility is limited by a fundamental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sibo Xiao , Jinyuan Fu , Zhongle Xie , Lidan Shou

Large reasoning models (LRMs) enhance problem-solving capabilities by generating explicit multi-step chains of thought (CoT) reasoning; however, they incur substantial inference latency and computational overhead. To mitigate this issue,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiayi Tian , Yupeng Su , Ryan Solgi , Souvik Kundu , Zheng Zhang

Driven by advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), integrating them into recommendation tasks has gained interest due to their strong semantic understanding and prompt flexibility. Prior work encoded user-item interactions or metadata into…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Keyu Zhao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Sequential recommendation aims to predict users' next interaction with items based on their past engagement sequence. Recently, the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked interest in leveraging them for sequential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jiayi Liao , Sihang Li , Zhengyi Yang , Jiancan Wu , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely adopted in ranking systems such as information retrieval (IR) systems and recommender systems (RSs). To alleviate the latency of auto-regressive decoding, some studies explore the single (first)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yingpeng Du , Tianjun Wei , Zhu Sun , Jie Zhang

Sequential recommender systems rank relevant items by modeling a user's interaction history and computing the inner product between the resulting user representation and stored item embeddings. To avoid the significant memory overhead of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, prompting several studies to explore their potential in recommendation systems. However, these attempts have so far resulted in only modest improvements over…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Junyi Chen , Lu Chi , Bingyue Peng , Zehuan Yuan

Cross-domain Sequential Recommendation (CDSR) aims to extract the preference from the user's historical interactions across various domains. Despite some progress in CDSR, two problems set the barrier for further advancements, i.e., overlap…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Qidong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yejing Wang , Zijian Zhang , Howard Zhong , Chong Chen , Xiang Li , Wei Huang , Feng Tian

One of the major impediments to the development of new task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems is the need for human evaluation at multiple stages and iterations of the development process. In an effort to move toward automated evaluation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Sam Davidson , Salvatore Romeo , Raphael Shu , James Gung , Arshit Gupta , Saab Mansour , Yi Zhang

Most existing news recommendation methods tackle this task by conducting semantic matching between candidate news and user representation produced by historical clicked news. However, they overlook the high-level connections among different…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Shen Gao , Jiabao Fang , Quan Tu , Zhitao Yao , Zhumin Chen , Pengjie Ren , Zhaochun Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented language understanding and reasoning capabilities to capture diverse user preferences and advance personalized recommendations. Despite the growing interest in LLM-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zihuai Zhao , Wenqi Fan , Yao Wu , Qing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced recommendation capabilities through enhanced reasoning, but pose significant challenges for real-world deployment due to high inference costs. Conversely, while Small Language Models (SLMs) offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Prosenjit Biswas , Pervez Shaik , Abhinav Thorat , Ravi Kolla , Niranjan Pedanekar

Session-based recommendation (SR) models aim to recommend items to anonymous users based on their behavior during the current session. While various SR models in the literature utilize item sequences to predict the next item, they often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Jyoti Narwariya , Priyanka Gupta , Muskan Gupta , Jyotsana Khatri , Lovekesh Vig

Pre-ranking plays a crucial role in large-scale recommender systems by significantly improving the efficiency and scalability within the constraints of providing high-quality candidate sets in real time. The two-tower model is widely used…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Chao Xiong , Xianwen Yu , Wei Xu , Lei Cheng , Chuan Yuan , Linjian Mo

Recommender systems have seen significant advancements with the influence of deep learning and graph neural networks, particularly in capturing complex user-item relationships. However, these graph-based recommenders heavily depend on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xubin Ren , Wei Wei , Lianghao Xia , Lixin Su , Suqi Cheng , Junfeng Wang , Dawei Yin , Chao Huang

Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) are essential for maritime safety and regulatory compliance through real-time traffic management. However, with increasing traffic complexity and the prevalence of heterogeneous, multimodal data, existing VTS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Sijin Sun , Liangbin Zhao , Ming Deng , Xiuju Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant advantages in leveraging structured world knowledge and multi-step reasoning capabilities. However, fundamental challenges arise when transforming LLMs into real-world recommender systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wencai Ye , Mingjie Sun , Shuhang Chen , Wenjin Wu , Peng Jiang

Large language models are being rapidly deployed across many fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and energy, where time-series data are fundamental components. The current works are still limited in their ability to perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Paul Quinlan , Qingguo Li , Xiaodan Zhu

Recommender systems and search engines serve as foundational elements of online platforms, with the former delivering information proactively and the latter enabling users to seek information actively. Unifying both tasks in a shared model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jujia Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Chen Xu , Xiuying Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Suzan Verberne

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in artificial intelligence, especially in complex decision-making scenarios, but their static problem-solving strategies often limit their adaptability to dynamic environments. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Chengkun Cai , Xu Zhao , Yucheng Du , Haoliang Liu , Lei Li
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