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Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) increasingly rely on on-board computer-vision systems for tasks such as habitat mapping, ecological monitoring, and infrastructure inspection. However, underwater imagery is hindered by light…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Gordon Hung , Ivan Felipe Rodriguez

Asking insightful questions is crucial for acquiring knowledge and expanding our understanding of the world. However, the importance of questioning has been largely overlooked in AI research, where models have been primarily developed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Deyao Zhu , Jun Chen , Kilichbek Haydarov , Xiaoqian Shen , Wenxuan Zhang , Mohamed Elhoseiny

In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) especially multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), has enabled it to understand text, images, videos, and other multimedia data, allowing AI systems to execute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Lehao Lin , Ke Wang , Maha Abdallah , Wei Cai

The rapid evolution of GUI-enabled agents has rendered traditional CAPTCHAs obsolete. While previous benchmarks like OpenCaptchaWorld established a baseline for evaluating multimodal agents, recent advancements in reasoning-heavy models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiacheng Liu , Yaxin Luo , Jiacheng Cui , Xinyi Shang , Xiaohan Zhao , Zhiqiang Shen

As automation bot technology and Artificial Intelligence is evolving rapidly, conventional human verification techniques like voice CAPTCHAs and knowledge-based authentication are becoming less effective. Bots and scrapers with Artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Aditya Mitra , Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman , Devi Priya V S

When a human undertakes a test, their responses likely follow a pattern: if they answered an easy question $(2 \times 3)$ incorrectly, they would likely answer a more difficult one $(2 \times 3 \times 4)$ incorrectly; and if they answered a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zeyi Huang , Utkarsh Ojha , Yuyang Ji , Donghyun Lee , Yong Jae Lee

CAPTCHAs remain a critical defense against automated abuse, yet modern systems suffer from well-known limitations in usability, accessibility, and resistance to increasingly capable bots and low-cost CAPTCHA farms. Behavioral and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shovon Paul , Md Imran Hossen , Xiali Hei

Recognizing actions from a video feed is a challenging task to automate, especially so on older hardware. There are two aims for this project: one is to recognize an action from the front-facing camera on an Android phone, the other is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Ryan Lindsey

Accurate vehicle detection is essential for the development of intelligent transportation systems, autonomous driving, and traffic monitoring. This paper presents a detailed analysis of YOLO11, the latest advancement in the YOLO series of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Mujadded Al Rabbani Alif

Digital images are ubiquitous in our modern lives, with uses ranging from social media to news, and even scientific papers. For this reason, it is crucial evaluate how accurate people are when performing the task of identify doctored…

Graphics · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Victor Schetinger , Manuel M. Oliveira , Roberto da Silva , Tiago J. Carvalho

Current Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, most based on deep learning, have facilitated progress in several fields, including computer vision and natural language understanding. The progress of these AI methods is measured using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Stefan Maetschke , David Martinez Iraola , Pieter Barnard , Elaheh ShafieiBavani , Peter Zhong , Ying Xu , Antonio Jimeno Yepes

Recent advancements in pre-trained large-scale language-image models have ushered in a new era of visual comprehension, offering a significant leap forward. These breakthroughs have proven particularly instrumental in addressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yiran Li , Junpeng Wang , Prince Aboagye , Michael Yeh , Yan Zheng , Liang Wang , Wei Zhang , Kwan-Liu Ma

Image captioning is a research area of immense importance, aiming to generate natural language descriptions for visual content in the form of still images. The advent of deep learning and more recently vision-language pre-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Taraneh Ghandi , Hamidreza Pourreza , Hamidreza Mahyar

We introduce Reverse CAPTCHA, an evaluation framework that tests whether large language models follow invisible Unicode-encoded instructions embedded in otherwise normal-looking text. Unlike traditional CAPTCHAs that distinguish humans from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Marcus Graves

Deep Learning has driven recent and exciting progress in computer vision, instilling the belief that these algorithms could solve any visual task. Yet, datasets commonly used to train and test computer vision algorithms have pervasive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Vincent Jacquot , Zhuofan Ying , Gabriel Kreiman

In the era of evolving artificial intelligence, machines are increasingly emulating human-like capabilities, including visual perception and linguistic expression. Image captioning stands at the intersection of these domains, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Hrishikesh Singh , Aarti Sharma , Millie Pant

Supervised machine learning methods for image analysis require large amounts of labelled training data to solve computer vision problems. The recent rise of deep learning algorithms for recognising image content has led to the emergence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Christoph Sager , Christian Janiesch , Patrick Zschech

Bots constitute a significant portion of Internet traffic and are a source of various issues across multiple domains. Modern bots often become indistinguishable from real users, as they employ similar methods to browse the web, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Jan Kadel , August See , Ritwik Sinha , Mathias Fischer

Over the past few years, deep learning techniques have achieved tremendous success in many visual understanding tasks such as object detection, image segmentation, and caption generation. Despite this thriving in computer vision and natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Anh Nguyen

Manual identification of archaeological features in LiDAR imagery is labor-intensive, costly, and requires archaeological expertise. This paper shows how recent advancements in deep learning (DL) present efficient solutions for accurately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jincheng Zhang , William Ringle , Andrew R. Willis