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Continual learning (CL) aims to empower machine learning models to learn continually from new data, while building upon previously acquired knowledge without forgetting. As models have evolved from small to large pre-trained architectures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dianzhi Yu , Xinni Zhang , Yankai Chen , Aiwei Liu , Yifei Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Irwin King

Continual learning aims to emulate the human ability to continually accumulate knowledge over sequential tasks. The main challenge is to maintain performance on previously learned tasks after learning new tasks, i.e., to avoid catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Yunhao Ge , Yuecheng Li , Shuo Ni , Jiaping Zhao , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Laurent Itti

While vision-language pre-trained models (VL-PTMs) have advanced multimodal research in recent years, their mastery in a few languages like English restricts their applicability in broader communities. To this end, there is an increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Bang Yang , Yong Dai , Xuxin Cheng , Yaowei Li , Asif Raza , Yuexian Zou

Data streams are rarely static in dynamic environments like Industry 4.0. Instead, they constantly change, making traditional offline models outdated unless they can quickly adjust to the new data. This need can be adequately addressed by…

Medical imaging analysis has witnessed remarkable advancements even surpassing human-level performance in recent years, driven by the rapid development of advanced deep-learning algorithms. However, when the inference dataset slightly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-11 Pratibha Kumari , Joohi Chauhan , Afshin Bozorgpour , Boqiang Huang , Reza Azad , Dorit Merhof

In-context learning (ICL) emerges as a promising capability of large language models (LLMs) by providing them with demonstration examples to perform diverse tasks. However, the underlying mechanism of how LLMs learn from the provided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lean Wang , Lei Li , Damai Dai , Deli Chen , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

One of the well-known challenges in computer vision tasks is the visual diversity of images, which could result in an agreement or disagreement between the learned knowledge and the visual content exhibited by the current observation. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Yan Luo , Yongkang Wong , Mohan S. Kankanhalli , Qi Zhao

In continual learning (CL), a learner is faced with a sequence of tasks, arriving one after the other, and the goal is to remember all the tasks once the continual learning experience is finished. The prior art in CL uses episodic memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Arslan Chaudhry , Naeemullah Khan , Puneet K. Dokania , Philip H. S. Torr

In this paper, we study the partial multi-label (PML) image classification problem, where each image is annotated with a candidate label set consists of multiple relevant labels and other noisy labels. Existing PML methods typically design…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Feng Sun , Ming-Kun Xie , Sheng-Jun Huang

The goal of continual learning (CL) is to train a model that can solve multiple tasks presented sequentially. Recent CL approaches have achieved strong performance by leveraging large pre-trained models that generalize well to downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Liangzu Peng , Juan Elenter , Joshua Agterberg , Alejandro Ribeiro , René Vidal

Developing autonomous vehicles (AVs) helps improve the road safety and traffic efficiency of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Accurately predicting the trajectories of traffic participants is essential to the decision-making and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Yunlong Lin , Zirui Li , Cheng Gong , Chao Lu , Xinwei Wang , Jianwei Gong

Fine-tuning an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model to new domains results in degradation on original domains, referred to as Catastrophic Forgetting (CF). Continual Learning (CL) attempts to train ASR models without suffering from CF.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Steven Vander Eeckt , Hugo Van hamme

Humans' continual learning (CL) ability is closely related to Stability Versus Plasticity Dilemma that describes how humans achieve ongoing learning capacity and preservation for learned information. The notion of CL has always been present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Yifan Chang , Wenbo Li , Jian Peng , Bo Tang , Yu Kang , Yinjie Lei , Yuanmiao Gui , Qing Zhu , Yu Liu , Haifeng Li

We introduce CLOB, a novel continual learning (CL) paradigm wherein a large language model (LLM) is regarded as a black box. Learning is done incrementally via only verbal prompting. CLOB does not fine-tune any part of the LLM or add any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Jiabao Qiu , Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

Existing research on continual learning (CL) of a sequence of tasks focuses mainly on dealing with catastrophic forgetting (CF) to balance the learning plasticity of new tasks and the memory stability of old tasks. However, an ideal CL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zhi Wang , Zhongbin Wu , Yanni Li , Bing Liu , Guangxi Li , Yuping Wang

Despite the surprising few-shot performance of in-context learning (ICL), it is still a common practice to randomly sample examples to serve as context. This paper advocates a new principle for ICL: self-adaptive in-context learning. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Zhiyong Wu , Yaoxiang Wang , Jiacheng Ye , Lingpeng Kong

"You never forget how to ride a bike", -- but how is that possible? The brain is able to learn complex skills, stop the practice for years, learn other skills in between, and still retrieve the original knowledge when necessary. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Martin Barry , Wulfram Gerstner , Guillaume Bellec

To address the performance limitations of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) in specific domains, existing works primarily adopt adapter-based one-step adaptation paradigms. However, some of these methods are specific developed for specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yuan-Chen Shu , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Continual learning enables AI systems to acquire new knowledge while retaining previously learned information. While traditional unimodal methods have made progress, the rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) brings new challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Haiyang Guo , Fei Zhu , Hongbo Zhao , Fanhu Zeng , Wenzhuo Liu , Shijie Ma , Da-Han Wang , Xu-Yao Zhang

Complementary-label learning (CLL) is widely used in weakly supervised classification, but it faces a significant challenge in real-world datasets when confronted with class-imbalanced training samples. In such scenarios, the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Meng Wei , Yong Zhou , Zhongnian Li , Xinzheng Xu