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The lack of reliable automatic evaluation metrics is a major impediment to the development of open-domain dialogue systems. Various reference-based metrics have been proposed to calculate a score between a predicted response and a small set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Jun Gao , Wei Bi , Ruifeng Xu , Shuming Shi

This paper explores grading text-based audio retrieval relevances with crowdsourcing assessments. Given a free-form text (e.g., a caption) as a query, crowdworkers are asked to grade audio clips using numeric scores (between 0 and 100) to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Huang Xie , Khazar Khorrami , Okko Räsänen , Tuomas Virtanen

Automatic image captioning has improved significantly over the last few years, but the problem is far from being solved, with state of the art models still often producing low quality captions when used in the wild. In this paper, we focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Tomer Levinboim , Ashish V. Thapliyal , Piyush Sharma , Radu Soricut

Machine learning models are widely used, but can also often be wrong. Users would benefit from a reliable indication of whether a given output from a given model should be trusted, so a rational decision can be made whether to use the…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on several tasks and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. However, especially in high-stakes settings, it becomes vital to know when the output of an LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yu-Neng Chuang , Prathusha Kameswara Sarma , Parikshit Gopalan , John Boccio , Sara Bolouki , Xia Hu , Helen Zhou

Effective generation of structured code comments requires robust quality metrics for dataset curation, yet existing approaches (SIDE, MIDQ, STASIS) suffer from limited code-comment analysis. We propose CIDRe, a language-agnostic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Maria Dziuba , Valentin Malykh

Benefiting from advances in machine vision and natural language processing techniques, current image captioning systems are able to generate detailed visual descriptions. For the most part, these descriptions represent an objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Omid Mohamad Nezami , Mark Dras , Stephen Wan , Cecile Paris

Recent advances in retrieval-augmented models for image captioning highlight the benefit of retrieving related captions for efficient, lightweight models with strong domain-transfer capabilities. While these models demonstrate the success…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Wenyan Li , Jiaang Li , Rita Ramos , Raphael Tang , Desmond Elliott

We introduce two reference-free metrics for quality evaluation of taxonomies in the absence of labels. The first metric evaluates robustness by calculating the correlation between semantic and taxonomic similarity, addressing error types…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Pascal Wullschleger , Majid Zarharan , Donnacha Daly , Marc Pouly , Jennifer Foster

Recommender systems utilize users' historical data to learn and predict their future interests, providing them with suggestions tailored to their tastes. Calibration ensures that the distribution of recommended item categories is consistent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Hossein A. Rahmani , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Nasim Sonboli

With the growth of interpreting technologies, from remote interpreting and Computer-Aided Interpreting to automated speech translation and interpreting avatars, there is now a high demand for ways to quickly and efficiently measure the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jonathan Downie , Joss Moorkens

Recent progress in audio-language modeling, such as automated audio captioning, has benefited from training on synthetic data generated with the aid of large-language models. However, such approaches for environmental sound captioning have…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Mithun Manivannan , Vignesh Nethrapalli , Mark Cartwright

Automatic evaluation metrics hold a fundamental importance in the development and fine-grained analysis of captioning systems. While current evaluation metrics tend to achieve an acceptable correlation with human judgements at the system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Naeha Sharif , Lyndon White , Mohammed Bennamoun , Wei Liu , Syed Afaq Ali Shah

Text-image generation has advanced rapidly, but assessing whether outputs truly capture the objects, attributes, and relations described in prompts remains a central challenge. Evaluation in this space relies heavily on automated metrics,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Seyed Amir Kasaei , Ali Aghayari , Arash Marioriyad , Niki Sepasian , MohammadAmin Fazli , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

Accurate confidence estimation is essential for trustworthy large language models (LLMs) systems, as it empowers the user to determine when to trust outputs and enables reliable deployment in safety-critical applications. Current confidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Mingruo Yuan , Shuyi Zhang , Ben Kao

Uncertainty quantification is a set of techniques that measure confidence in language models. They can be used, for example, to detect hallucinations or alert users to review uncertain predictions. To be useful, these confidence scores must…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lorenzo Jaime Yu Flores , Cesare Spinoso di-Piano , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Vehicle models have a long history of research and as of today are able to model the involved physics in a reasonable manner. However, each new vehicle has its new characteristics or parameters. The identification of these is the main task…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Nicola Henkelmann , Stephan Rhode , Johannes von Keler

Understanding real-world videos such as movies requires integrating visual and dialogue cues. Yet existing VideoQA benchmarks struggle to capture this multimodal reasoning and, given the difficulty of evaluating free-form answers, largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Shaden Shaar , Bradon Thymes , Sirawut Chaixanien , Claire Cardie , Bharath Hariharan

This research aims to explore the intersection of Large Language Models and confidence calibration in Entity Matching. To this end, we perform an empirical study to compare baseline RoBERTa confidences for an Entity Matching task against…

Image captioning models are usually trained according to human annotated ground-truth captions, which could generate accurate but generic captions. In this paper, we focus on generating distinctive captions that can distinguish the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Youyuan Zhang , Jiuniu Wang , Hao Wu , Wenjia Xu