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Fine-tuning large pre-trained foundation models (FMs) on distributed edge devices presents considerable computational and privacy challenges. Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) mitigates some privacy issues by facilitating collaborative model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Tianqu Kang , Zixin Wang , Hengtao He , Jun Zhang , Shenghui Song , Khaled B. Letaief

The objective of personalization and stylization in text-to-image is to instruct a pre-trained diffusion model to analyze new concepts introduced by users and incorporate them into expected styles. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Likun Li , Haoqi Zeng , Changpeng Yang , Haozhe Jia , Di Xu

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most popular task-specific parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods on pre-trained language models for its good performance and computational efficiency. LoRA injects a product of two trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Youbang Sun , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse natural language processing tasks, but their tendency to memorize training data poses significant privacy risks, particularly during fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Badrinath Ramakrishnan , Akshaya Balaji

Federated Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (FedPEFT) has emerged as a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving and efficient adaptation of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) in Federated Learning (FL) settings. It preserves data privacy by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shenghui Li , Edith C. -H. Ngai , Fanghua Ye , Thiemo Voigt

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with local data is a widely adopted approach for organizations seeking to adapt LLMs to their specific domains. Given the shared characteristics in data across different organizations, the idea of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenkai Guo , Xuefeng Liu , Haolin Wang , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Recently, adversarial attacks for diffusion models as well as their fine-tuning process have been developed rapidly. To prevent the abuse of these attack algorithms from affecting the practical application of diffusion models, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jiaxuan Zhu , Siyu Huang

Predictive machine learning models are becoming increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts involving sensitive personal data; in these contexts, there is a trade-off between model explainability and data privacy. In this work, we push…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Catherine Huang , Martin Pawelczyk , Himabindu Lakkaraju

The growing use of large pre-trained models in edge computing has made model inference on mobile clients both feasible and popular. Yet these devices remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks, threatening model robustness and security.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Tianyu Qi , Lei Xue , Yufeng Zhan , Xiaobo Ma

As the capabilities of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, the "pre-train and fine-tune" paradigm has become increasingly mainstream, leading to the development of various fine-tuning methods. However, the privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jie Hou , Chuxiong Wu , Lannan Luo , Qiang Zeng

Federated learning (FL) allows clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their local data with a server. However, clients' contributions to the server can still leak sensitive information. Differential privacy (DP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jie Xu , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Rogier van Dalen , Haaris Mehmood , David Tuckey , Mete Ozay

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly adapted to downstream tasks through fine-tuning, but fine-tuning data often contains sensitive information that may be leaked by the resulting model. Differential privacy (DP) offers formal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haichao Sha , Zihao Wang , Yuncheng Wu , Hong Chen , Wei Dong

This tutorial provides a comprehensive survey of methods for fine-tuning diffusion models to optimize downstream reward functions. While diffusion models are widely known to provide excellent generative modeling capability, practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Tommaso Biancalani , Sergey Levine

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, particularly in task generalization for both text and vision data. While fine-tuning these models can significantly enhance their performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Navyansh Mahla , Kshitij Sharad Jadhav , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Diffusion models excel at modeling complex data distributions, including those of images, proteins, and small molecules. However, in many cases, our goal is to model parts of the distribution that maximize certain properties: for example,…

Recent advances in diffusion models have enabled high-quality synthesis of specific subjects, such as identities or objects. This capability, while unlocking new possibilities in content creation, also introduces significant privacy risks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tae-Young Lee , Juwon Seo , Jong Hwan Ko , Gyeong-Moon Park

We introduce a new attack paradigm that embeds hidden adversarial capabilities directly into diffusion models via fine-tuning, without altering their observable behavior or requiring modifications during inference. Unlike prior approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lucas Beerens , Desmond J. Higham

Advanced text-to-image diffusion models raise safety concerns regarding identity privacy violation, copyright infringement, and Not Safe For Work content generation. Towards this, unlearning methods have been developed to erase these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Xiaoxuan Han , Songlin Yang , Wei Wang , Yang Li , Jing Dong

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of text-to-image models has become an increasingly popular technique with many applications. Among the various PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zerui Tao , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Qibin Zhao , Yuki Mitsufuji