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Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable multimodal understanding and reasoning capabilities, yet remain computationally expensive due to dense visual tokenization. Existing efficiency approaches either merge redundant visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Aditya Kumar Singh , Hitesh Kandala , Pratik Prabhanjan Brahma , Zicheng Liu , Emad Barsoum

Tokens or patches within Vision Transformers (ViT) lack essential semantic information, unlike their counterparts in natural language processing (NLP). Typically, ViT tokens are associated with rectangular image patches that lack specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Young Kyung Kim , J. Matías Di Martino , Guillermo Sapiro

Modern large vision-language models (LVLMs) convert each input image into a large set of tokens that far outnumber the text tokens. Although this improves visual perception, it also introduces severe image token redundancy. Because image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yanshu Li , Jianjiang Yang , Zhennan Shen , Ligong Han , Haoyan Xu , Ruixiang Tang

By treating visual tokens from visual encoders as text tokens, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across diverse visual understanding tasks, leveraging the robust architectures of Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zeliang Zhang , Phu Pham , Wentian Zhao , Kun Wan , Yu-Jhe Li , Jianing Zhou , Daniel Miranda , Ajinkya Kale , Chenliang Xu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as state-of-the-art models for various vision tasks recently. However, their heavy computation costs remain daunting for resource-limited devices. To address this, researchers have dedicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ao Wang , Hui Chen , Zijia Lin , Sicheng Zhao , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved remarkable success in various computer vision tasks. However, ViTs have a huge computational cost due to their inherent reliance on multi-head self-attention (MHSA), prompting efforts to accelerate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Seungdong Yoa , Seungjun Lee , Hyeseung Cho , Bumsoo Kim , Woohyung Lim

Large Vision Language Models show impressive performance across image and video understanding tasks, yet their computational cost grows rapidly with the number of visual tokens. Existing token pruning methods mitigate this issue through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Dong-Jae Lee , Sunghyun Baek , Junmo Kim

Visual Place Recognition (VPR) aims to match a query image to reference images of the same place in a large-scale database. Recent state-of-the-art methods employ Vision Transformers (ViTs) as backbone foundation models to extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zichao Zeng , June Moh Goo , Junwei Zheng , Weijia Fan , Jiaming Zhang , Rainer Stiefelhagen , Jan Boehm

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as powerful backbones in computer vision, outperforming many traditional CNNs. However, their computational overhead, largely attributed to the self-attention mechanism, makes deployment on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Minchul Kim , Shangqian Gao , Yen-Chang Hsu , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Vision-language models (VLMs) typically encode substantially more visual tokens than text tokens, resulting in significant token redundancy. Pruning uninformative visual tokens is therefore crucial for improving computational efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Kai Zhao , Wubang Yuan , Yuchen Lin , Liting Ruan , Xiaofeng Lu , Deng-Ping Fan , Ming-Ming Cheng , Dan Zeng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) deliver impressive vision-language reasoning but suffer steep inference latency because self-attention scales quadratically with sequence length and thousands of visual tokens contributed by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wengyi Zhan , Mingbao Lin , Zhihang Lin , Rongrong Ji

Token compression techniques have recently emerged as powerful tools for accelerating Vision Transformer (ViT) inference in computer vision. Due to the quadratic computational complexity with respect to the token sequence length, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Phat Nguyen , Ngai-Man Cheung

Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) under aggressive low-bit inference remains challenging because inference cost is dominated by the long visual-token prefix during prefill and the growing KV cache during autoregressive decoding. Token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinqing Li , Xin He , Xindong Zhang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Lei Zhang , Yun Liu

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) methods based on object detection enjoy the rich knowledge of fine-grained object-text alignment but at the cost of computationally expensive inference. Recent Visual-Transformer (ViT)-based approaches…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chaoya Jiang , Haiyang Xu , Wei Ye , Qinghao Ye , Chenliang Li , Ming Yan , Bin Bi , Shikun Zhang , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang

Multi-modal Large Langue Models (MLLMs) often process thousands of visual tokens, which consume a significant portion of the context window and impose a substantial computational burden. Prior work has empirically explored visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dingchen Yang , Bowen Cao , Anran Zhang , Weibo Gu , Winston Hu , Guang Chen

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal understanding tasks. However, the increasing demand for high-resolution image and long-video understanding results in substantial token counts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Junjie Chen , Xuyang Liu , Zichen Wen , Yiyu Wang , Siteng Huang , Honggang Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) typically process a large number of visual tokens, leading to considerable computational overhead, even though many of these tokens are redundant. Existing visual token pruning methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jinhong Deng , Wen Li , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Yang He

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential for enhancing scene understanding in autonomous driving systems through powerful logical reasoning capabilities. However, the deployment of these models faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Yunsheng Ma , Amr Abdelraouf , Rohit Gupta , Ziran Wang , Kyungtae Han

Vision-and-Language Pre-training (VLP) has improved performance on various joint vision-and-language downstream tasks. Current approaches to VLP heavily rely on image feature extraction processes, most of which involve region supervision…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-11 Wonjae Kim , Bokyung Son , Ildoo Kim

Vision transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a prevalent architecture for vision tasks owing to their impressive performance. However, when it comes to handling long token sequences, especially in dense prediction tasks that require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jin Li , Yaoming Wang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Bowen Shi , Dongsheng Jiang , Chenglin Li , Wenrui Dai , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian