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We construct new substantive examples of non-autonomous vector fields on 3-dimensional sphere having a simple dynamics but non-trivial topology. The construction is based on two ideas: the theory of diffeomorpisms with wild separatrix…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-10 V. Z. Grines , L. M. Lerman

We consider soliton solutions to Bekenstein's theory, for which the fine structure constant $\alpha=e^2/(4\pi\hbar c)$ is allowed to vary due to the presence of a dielectric field pervading the vacuum. More specifically we investigate the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 J. Magueijo , H. Sandvik , T. W. B. Kibble

We study the energy and momentum of an isolated system in the tetrad theory of gravitation, starting from the most general Lagrangian quadratic in torsion, which involves four unknown parameters. When applied to the static spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Takeshi Shirafuji , Gamal G. L. Nashed

We study the equilibrium of hyperelastic solids subjected to kinematic constraints on many small regions, which we call perforations. Such constraints on the displacement $u$ are given in the quite general form $u(x) \in F_x$, where $F_x$…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Andrea Braides , Giovanni Noselli , Simone Vincini

We study the vacuum behavior of an extended Higgs sector with two doublets in a scenario with a softly broken \texorpdfstring{$U(1)$}{lg} global symmetry. The soft-violation term is introduced to avoid massless-axion particles arising when…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-28 Andrés Castillo , Rodolfo A. Diaz , John Morales , Carlos G. Tarazona

We introduce a class of "Lipschitz horizontal" vector fields in homogeneous groups, for which we show equivalent descriptions, e.g. in terms of suitable derivations. We then investigate the associated Cauchy problem, providing a uniqueness…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-07-03 Valentino Magnani , Dario Trevisan

The universe can be made flat and smooth by undergoing a phase of ultra-slow (ekpyrotic) contraction, a condition achievable with a single, canonical scalar field and conventional general relativity. It has been argued, though, that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-06 Justin Khoury , Paul J. Steinhardt

The microscopic mechanism by which amorphous solids yield plastically under an externally applied stress or deformation has remained elusive in spite of enormous research activity in recent years. Most approaches have attempted to identify…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-07-07 Matteo Baggioli , Ivan Kriuchevskyi , Timothy W. Sirk , Alessio Zaccone

We demonstrate theory and computations for finite-energy line defect solutions in an improvement of Ericksen-Leslie liquid crystal theory. Planar director fields are considered in two and three space dimensions, and we demonstrate straight…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-01-08 Hossein Pourmatin , Amit Acharya , Kaushik Dayal

In this paper, we develop a non-singular continuum theory of point defects based on a second strain gradient elasticity theory, the so-called gradient elasticity of bi-Helmholtz type. Such a generalized continuum theory possesses a weak…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-28 Markus Lazar

We study the three-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau model of superconductivity for strong applied magnetic fields varying between the second and third critical fields. In this regime, it is known from physics that superconductivity should be…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Søren Fournais , Jean-Philippe Miqueu , Xing-Bin Pan

We study a class of discontinuous vector fields brought to our attention by multi-legged animal locomotion. Such vector fields arise not only in biomechanics, but also in robotics, neuroscience, and electrical engineering, to name a few…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-04-23 Samuel A. Burden , S. Shankar Sastry , Daniel E. Koditschek , Shai Revzen

The problem of derivation of the equations of motion from the field equations is considered. Einstein's field equations have a specific analytical form: They are linear in the second order derivatives and quadratic in the first order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-21 Shmuel Kaniel , Yakov Itin

We establish lower semi-continuity and strict convexity of the energy functionals for a large class of vector equilibrium problems in logarithmic potential theory. This in particular implies the existence and uniqueness of a minimizer for…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-05-29 Adrien Hardy , Arno B. J. Kuijlaars

We study a generally covariant model in which local Lorentz invariance is broken "spontaneously" by a dynamical unit timelike vector field $u^a$---the "aether". Such a model makes it possible to study the gravitational and cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Ted Jacobson , David Mattingly

We consider a model problem of the scattering of linear acoustic waves in free homogeneous space by an elastic solid. The stress tensor in the solid combines the effect of a linear dependence of strains with the influence of an existing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-23 Thomas S. Brown , Tonatiuh Sánchez-Vizuet , Francisco-Javier Sayas

Rectangular cavities are solvable models that nevertheless touch on many of the controversial or mysterious aspects of the vacuum energy of quantum fields. This paper is a thorough study of the two-dimensional scalar field in a rectangle by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-03-27 S. A. Fulling , L. Kaplan , K. Kirsten , Z. H. Liu , K. A. Milton

A dual hybrid Virtual Element scheme for plane linear elastic problems is presented and analysed. In particular, stability and convergence results have been established. The method, which is first order convergent, has been numerically…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-14 Edoardo Artioli , Stefano de Miranda , Carlo Lovadina , Luca Patruno

We examine the possibility of spontaneous vectorization in the vector-tensor theories with the vector conformal and disformal couplings to matter. We study the static and spherically symmetric solutions of the relativistic stars with the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-28 Masato Minamitsuji

Recently, it was suggested that there was some sort of breakdown of quantum field theory in the presence of boundaries, manifesting itself as a torque anomaly. In particular, Fulling et al. used the finite energy-momentum-stress tensor in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-01-29 Kimball A. Milton , Prachi Parashar , E. K. Abalo , Fardin Kheirandish , Klaus Kirsten