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Universal Multimodal Retrieval (UMR) aims to enable search across various modalities using a unified model, where queries and candidates can consist of pure text, images, or a combination of both. Previous work has attempted to adopt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Xin Zhang , Yanzhao Zhang , Wen Xie , Mingxin Li , Ziqi Dai , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Meishan Zhang , Wenjie Li , Min Zhang

In this work we implement a training of a Language Model (LM), using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and GloVe word embeddings, introduced by Pennigton et al. in [1]. The implementation is following the general idea of training RNNs for LM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Victor Makarenkov , Bracha Shapira , Lior Rokach

Recent progress in developing general purpose text embedders has been driven by training on ever-growing corpora of synthetic LLM-generated data. Nonetheless, no publicly available synthetic dataset exists, posing a barrier to studying its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jacob Mitchell Springer , Vaibhav Adlakha , Siva Reddy , Aditi Raghunathan , Marius Mosbach

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have undergone a rapid evolution, giving rise to significant advancements in the realm of multimodal understanding tasks. However, the majority of these models are trained and evaluated on English-centric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Yuichi Inoue , Kento Sasaki , Yuma Ochi , Kazuki Fujii , Kotaro Tanahashi , Yu Yamaguchi

Despite their remarkable natural language understanding capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been underutilized for retrieval tasks. We present Search-R3, a novel framework that addresses this limitation by adapting LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuntao Gui , James Cheng

Enhancing the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) attracts widespread attention. While reinforcement learning (RL) has shown superior performance for improving complex reasoning, its impact on cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shulin Huang , Yiran Ding , Junshu Pan , Yue Zhang

Morphological analysis (MA) and lexical normalization (LN) are both important tasks for Japanese user-generated text (UGT). To evaluate and compare different MA/LN systems, we have constructed a publicly available Japanese UGT corpus. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Shohei Higashiyama , Masao Utiyama , Taro Watanabe , Eiichiro Sumita

The performance of large language models (LLMs) for supporting pathology report writing in Japanese remains unexplored. We evaluated seven open-source LLMs from three perspectives: (A) generation and information extraction of pathology…

Code embedding models attract increasing attention due to the widespread popularity of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) in software development. These models are expected to capture the rich semantic relationships inherent to code,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chaofan Li , Jianlyu Chen , Yingxia Shao , Defu Lian , Zheng Liu

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective approach for improving the performance of neural machine translation (NMT) system. However, due to its instability, successfully RL training is challenging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Lijun Wu , Fei Tian , Tao Qin , Jianhuang Lai , Tie-Yan Liu

In this paper, we survey recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) for reasoning with Large Language Models (LLMs). RL has achieved remarkable success in advancing the frontier of LLM capabilities, particularly in addressing complex…

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit superior performance on various natural language tasks, but they are susceptible to issues stemming from outdated data and domain-specific limitations. In order to address these challenges, researchers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhangyin Feng , Weitao Ma , Weijiang Yu , Lei Huang , Haotian Wang , Qianglong Chen , Weihua Peng , Xiaocheng Feng , Bing Qin , Ting liu

Text embedding models play a cornerstone role in AI applications, such as retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). While general-purpose text embedding models demonstrate strong performance on generic retrieval benchmarks, their effectiveness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yubai Wei , Jiale Han , Yi Yang

This technical report presents the training methodology and evaluation results of the open-source multilingual E5 text embedding models, released in mid-2023. Three embedding models of different sizes (small / base / large) are provided,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaolong Huang , Linjun Yang , Rangan Majumder , Furu Wei

Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) by aligning them with human preferences across diverse tasks. Traditional approaches to create instruction tuning datasets face serious challenges for low-resource languages due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Abdullatif Köksal , Marion Thaler , Ayyoob Imani , Ahmet Üstün , Anna Korhonen , Hinrich Schütze

Instruction tuning is crucial for enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve real-world tasks. Prior work has shown the effectiveness of instruction-tuning data synthesized solely from LLMs, raising a fundamental question: Do we still…

In this paper, I present our work on DeepRAG, a specialized embedding model we built specifically for Hindi language in RAG systems. While LLMs have gotten really good at generating text, their performance in retrieval tasks still depends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Nandakishor M

Automated construction of bilingual dictionaries using monolingual embedding spaces is a core challenge in machine translation. The end performance of these dictionaries relies upon the geometric similarity of individual spaces, i.e., their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Muhammad Asif Ali , Yan Hu , Jianbin Qin , Di Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by achieving state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. Recently, their effectiveness as embedding models has gained attention, marking a paradigm shift…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Zhen Li , Kai Hua , Wenpeng Hu , Zhengwei Tao , Shuai Ma

Cross-lingual continual pre-training of large language models (LLMs) initially trained on English corpus allows us to leverage the vast amount of English language resources and reduce the pre-training cost. In this study, we constructed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kazuki Fujii , Taishi Nakamura , Mengsay Loem , Hiroki Iida , Masanari Ohi , Kakeru Hattori , Hirai Shota , Sakae Mizuki , Rio Yokota , Naoaki Okazaki