Related papers: Multi-Virtual Knot Theory
A sequence of $F$-polynomials $\{ F^n_K (t, \ell)\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ of virtual knots $K$ was defined by Kaur, Prabhakar, and Vesnin in 2018. These polynomials have been expressed in terms of index value of crossing and $n$-writhe of $K$. By…
Given a virtual link diagram $D$, we define its unknotting index $U(D)$ to be minimum among $(m, n)$ tuples, where $m$ stands for the number of crossings virtualized and $n$ stands for the number of classical crossing changes, to obtain a…
Many structures in science, engineering, and art can be viewed as curves in 3-space. The entanglement of these curves plays a crucial role in determining the functionality and physical properties of materials. Many concepts in knot theory…
Multivariate graphs are prolific across many fields, including transportation and neuroscience. A key task in graph analysis is the exploration of connectivity, to, for example, analyze how signals flow through neurons, or to explore how…
A polynomial is presented that models a topological knot in a unique manner. It distinguishes all types of knots including the orientation and has a group theory interpretation. The topologies may be labeled via a number, which upon a base…
We propose to generalize the volume conjecture to knotted trivalent graphs and we prove the conjecture for all augmented knotted trivalent graphs. As a corollary we find that for any link L there is a link containing L for which the volume…
Link equivalence up to isotopy in a 3-space is the problem that lies at the root of knot theory, and is important in 3-dimensional topology and geometry. We consider its restriction to alternating links, given by two alternating diagrams…
A virtual knot is an equivalence class of embeddings of $ S^1 $ into thickened (closed oriented) surfaces, up to self-diffeomorphism of the surface and certain handle stabilisations. The slice genus of a virtual knot is defined…
Network analysis of human brain connectivity is critically important for understanding brain function and disease states. Embedding a brain network as a whole graph instance into a meaningful low-dimensional representation can be used to…
In this paper, we introduce a generalized concept of vertex transitivity in graphs called generalized vertex transitivity. We put forward a new invariant called transitivity number of a graph. The value of this invariant in different…
Knotoid theory is a generalization of knot theory introduced by Turaev in 2012. In recent years, various invariants of knotoids have been studied. In this paper, we mainly discuss unknotting moves and unknotting numbers of plus-welded…
A polynomial invariant of virtual links, arising from an invariant of links in thickened surfaces introduced by Jaeger, Kauffman, and Saleur, is defined and its properties are investigated. Examples are given that the invariant can detect…
In this article we shall give an account of certain developments in knot theory which followed upon the discovery of the Jones polynomial in 1984. The focus of our account will be recent glimmerings of understanding of the topological…
Extending upon our previous work, we verify the Jones Unknot Conjecture for all knots up to $24$ crossings. We describe the method of our approach and analyze the growth of the computational complexity of its different components.
By generalizing the Kuperberg sl(3) bracket, we construct a graph-valued analogue of the Homflypt sl(3) invariant for virtual knots. The restriction of this invariant for classical knots coincides with the usual Homflypt sl(3) invariant,…
This paper builds a novel bridge between algebraic coding theory and mathematical knot theory, with applications in both directions. We give methods to construct error-correcting codes starting from the colorings of a knot, describing…
We examine the structure and dimensionality of the Jones polynomial using manifold learning techniques. Our data set consists of more than 10 million knots up to 17 crossings and two other special families up to 2001 crossings. We introduce…
We say that a link $L_1$ is an s-major of a link $L_2$ if any diagram of $L_1$ can be transformed into a diagram of $L_2$ by changing some crossings and smoothing some crossings. This relation is a partial ordering on the set of all prime…
Virtual knots are associated with knot diagrams, which are not obligatory planar. The recently suggested generalization from N=2 to arbitrary N of the Kauffman-Khovanov calculus of cycles in resolved diagrams can be straightforwardly…
Checkerboard framings are an extension of checkerboard colorings for virtual links. According to checkerboard framings, in 2017, Dye obtained an independent invariant of virtual links: the cut point number. Checkerboard framings and cut…