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Command injection vulnerabilities are a significant security threat in dynamic languages like Python, particularly in widely used open-source projects where security issues can have extensive impact. With the proven effectiveness of Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuxuan Wang , Jingshu Chen , Qingyang Wang

Training machine learning approaches for vulnerability identification and producing reliable tools to assist developers in implementing quality software -- free of vulnerabilities -- is challenging due to the lack of large datasets and real…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Sofia Reis , Rui Abreu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been suggested for use in automated vulnerability repair, but benchmarks showing they can consistently identify security-related bugs are lacking. We thus develop SecLLMHolmes, a fully automated evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Saad Ullah , Mingji Han , Saurabh Pujar , Hammond Pearce , Ayse Coskun , Gianluca Stringhini

One of the most significant challenges in the field of software code auditing is the presence of vulnerabilities in software source code. Every year, more and more software flaws are discovered, either internally in proprietary code or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Juan Rodriguez Cardenas , Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

In this study, we focus on two main tasks, the first for detecting legal violations within unstructured textual data, and the second for associating these violations with potentially affected individuals. We constructed two datasets using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Dor Bernsohn , Gil Semo , Yaron Vazana , Gila Hayat , Ben Hagag , Joel Niklaus , Rohit Saha , Kyryl Truskovskyi

The increasing complexity and volume of software systems have heightened the importance of identifying and mitigating security vulnerabilities. The existing software vulnerability datasets frequently fall short in providing comprehensive,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Murtuza Shahzad , Joseph Wilson , Ibrahim Al Azher , Hamed Alhoori , Mona Rahimi

Software vulnerabilities pose critical security threats, with nearly 50,000 CVEs reported in 2025. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for automated vulnerability detection, three key challenges remain. First, LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ze Sheng , Zhicheng Chen , Qingxiao Xu , Kewen Zhu , Jeff Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming integral to modern software development workflows, assisting developers with code generation, API explanation, and iterative problem-solving through natural language conversations. Despite…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Suzhen Zhong , Ying Zou , Bram Adams

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown success in various general image processing tasks, yet their application in medical imaging is nascent, lacking tailored models. This study investigates the potential of MLLMs in improving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ling Yang , Zhanyu Wang , Zhenghao Chen , Xinyu Liang , Luping Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities in understanding natural language and generating complex code. However, as practitioners adopt CodeLLMs for increasingly critical development tasks, research reveals that these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Maximilian Wendlinger , Daniel Kowatsch , Konstantin Böttinger , Philip Sperl

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional coding capability. However, as another critical component of programming proficiency, the debugging capability of LLMs remains relatively unexplored. Previous evaluations of LLMs'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Runchu Tian , Yining Ye , Yujia Qin , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yinxu Pan , Yesai Wu , Haotian Hui , Weichuan Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), their application in Software Quality Assurance (SQA) has increased. However, the current focus of these applications is predominantly on ChatGPT. There remains a gap in understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ratnadira Widyasari , David Lo , Lizi Liao

Identifying which software versions are affected by a vulnerability is critical for patching, risk mitigation. Despite a growing body of tools, their real-world effectiveness remains unclear due to narrow evaluation scopes often limited to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xingchu Chen , Chengwei Liu , Jialun Cao , Yang Xiao , Xinyue Cai , Yeting Li , Jingyi Shi , Tianqi Sun , Haiming Chen ang Wei Huo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of coding tasks, including summarization, translation, completion, and code generation. Despite these advances, detecting code vulnerabilities…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Md Abdul Hannan , Ronghao Ni , Chi Zhang , Limin Jia , Ravi Mangal , Corina S. Pasareanu

In high-level synthesis (HLS), C/C++ programs with synthesis directives are used to generate circuits for FPGA implementations. However, hardware-specific and platform-dependent characteristics in these implementations can introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Kangwei Xu , Bing Li , Grace Li Zhang , Ulf Schlichtmann

Source code clones pose risks ranging from intellectual property violations to unintended vulnerabilities. Effective and efficient scalable clone detection, especially for diverged clones, remains challenging. Large language models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Muslim Chochlov , Gul Aftab Ahmed , James Vincent Patten , Yuanhua Han , Guoxian Lu , David Gregg , Jim Buckley

Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods relied on either medium-sized pre-trained models or smaller neural networks from scratch. Recent advancements in Large Pre-Trained Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xin Zhou , Ting Zhang , David Lo

Multi-LLM systems harness the complementary strengths of diverse Large Language Models, achieving performance and efficiency gains that are not attainable by a single model. In existing designs, LLMs communicate through text, forcing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Tianyu Fu , Zihan Min , Hanling Zhang , Jichao Yan , Guohao Dai , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Wang

Common Vulnerability and Exposure (CVE) records are fundamental to cybersecurity, offering unique identifiers for publicly known software and system vulnerabilities. Each CVE is typically assigned a Common Vulnerability Scoring System…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Francesco Marchiori , Denis Donadel , Mauro Conti

Smart contracts are a key component of the Web 3.0 ecosystem, widely applied in blockchain services and decentralized applications. However, the automated execution feature of smart contracts makes them vulnerable to potential attacks due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yanli Jin , Chunpei Li , Peng Fan , Peng Liu , Xianxian Li , Chen Liu , Wangjie Qiu