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Related papers: What to align in multimodal contrastive learning?

200 papers

Contrastive learning, along with its variations, has been a highly effective self-supervised learning method across diverse domains. Contrastive learning measures the distance between representations using cosine similarity and uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Daniel Rho , TaeSoo Kim , Sooill Park , Jaehyun Park , JaeHan Park

Automatic detection of multimodal fake news has gained a widespread attention recently. Many existing approaches seek to fuse unimodal features to produce multimodal news representations. However, the potential of powerful cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Longzheng Wang , Chuang Zhang , Hongbo Xu , Yongxiu Xu , Xiaohan Xu , Siqi Wang

Multimodal representation learning, exemplified by multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) using image-text pairs, aims to learn powerful representations by aligning cues across modalities. This approach relies on the core assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yichao Cai , Yuhang Liu , Erdun Gao , Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

This paper proposes a method for representation learning of multimodal data using contrastive losses. A traditional approach is to contrast different modalities to learn the information shared between them. However, that approach could fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yunze Liu , Qingnan Fan , Shanghang Zhang , Hao Dong , Thomas Funkhouser , Li Yi

We develop an approach to learning visual representations that embraces multimodal data, driven by a combination of intra- and inter-modal similarity preservation objectives. Unlike existing visual pre-training methods, which solve a proxy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Xin Yuan , Zhe Lin , Jason Kuen , Jianming Zhang , Yilin Wang , Michael Maire , Ajinkya Kale , Baldo Faieta

Multimodal representation learning aims to construct a shared embedding space in which heterogeneous modalities are semantically aligned. Despite strong empirical results, InfoNCE-based objectives introduce inherent conflicts that yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Wenzhe Yin , Pan Zhou , Zehao Xiao , Jie Liu , Shujian Yu , Jan-Jakob Sonke , Efstratios Gavves

In a wide range of multimodal tasks, contrastive learning has become a particularly appealing approach since it can successfully learn representations from abundant unlabeled data with only pairing information (e.g., image-caption or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Paul Pu Liang , Zihao Deng , Martin Ma , James Zou , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Multimodal learning assumes all modality combinations of interest are available during training to learn cross-modal correspondences. In this paper, we challenge this modality-complete assumption for multimodal learning and instead strive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yunhua Zhang , Hazel Doughty , Cees G. M. Snoek

We present a self-supervised learning approach to learn audio-visual representations from video and audio. Our method uses contrastive learning for cross-modal discrimination of video from audio and vice-versa. We show that optimizing for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Pedro Morgado , Nuno Vasconcelos , Ishan Misra

Text-image cross-modal retrieval is a challenging task in the field of language and vision. Most previous approaches independently embed images and sentences into a joint embedding space and compare their similarities. However, previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Zihao Wang , Xihui Liu , Hongsheng Li , Lu Sheng , Junjie Yan , Xiaogang Wang , Jing Shao

Multimodal sentiment analysis has become an increasingly popular research area as the demand for multimodal online content is growing. For multimodal sentiment analysis, words can have different meanings depending on the linguistic context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Junghun Kim , Jihie Kim

Multimodal affective computing aims to predict humans' sentiment, emotion, intention, and opinion using language, acoustic, and visual modalities. However, current models often learn spurious correlations that harm generalization under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sijie Mai , Shiqin Han

Continual learning is essential for adapting models to new tasks while retaining previously acquired knowledge. While existing approaches predominantly focus on uni-modal data, multi-modal learning offers substantial benefits by utilizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Evelyn Chee , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Image-text multimodal representation learning aligns data across modalities and enables important medical applications, e.g., image classification, visual grounding, and cross-modal retrieval. In this work, we establish a connection between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Peiqi Wang , William M. Wells , Seth Berkowitz , Steven Horng , Polina Golland

Humans view the world through many sensory channels, e.g., the long-wavelength light channel, viewed by the left eye, or the high-frequency vibrations channel, heard by the right ear. Each view is noisy and incomplete, but important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Yonglong Tian , Dilip Krishnan , Phillip Isola

Session-based recommendation aims to predict intents of anonymous users based on limited behaviors. With the ability in alleviating data sparsity, contrastive learning is prevailing in the task. However, we spot that existing contrastive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xiaokun Zhang , Bo Xu , Fenglong Ma , Zhizheng Wang , Liang Yang , Hongfei Lin

Multi-modal entity alignment aims to identify equivalent entities between two different multi-modal knowledge graphs, which consist of structural triples and images associated with entities. Most previous works focus on how to utilize and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Zhenxi Lin , Ziheng Zhang , Meng Wang , Yinghui Shi , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng

Universal Multimodal embedding models built on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have traditionally employed contrastive learning, which aligns representations of query-target pairs across different modalities. Yet, despite its…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Geonmo Gu , Byeongho Heo , Jaemyung Yu , Jaehui Hwang , Taekyung Kim , Sangmin Lee , HeeJae Jun , Yoohoon Kang , Sangdoo Yun , Dongyoon Han

Contrastive learning is an approach to representation learning that utilizes naturally occurring similar and dissimilar pairs of data points to find useful embeddings of data. In the context of document classification under topic modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Christopher Tosh , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Daniel Hsu

Multimodal deep learning systems which employ multiple modalities like text, image, audio, video, etc., are showing better performance in comparison with individual modalities (i.e., unimodal) systems. Multimodal machine learning involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Anil Rahate , Rahee Walambe , Sheela Ramanna , Ketan Kotecha