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Macromolecular and biomolecular folding landscapes typically contain high free energy barriers that impede efficient sampling of configurational space by standard molecular dynamics simulation. Biased sampling can artificially drive the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Wei Chen , Andrew L Ferguson

Most image instance retrieval pipelines are based on comparison of vectors known as global image descriptors between a query image and the database images. Due to their success in large scale image classification, representations extracted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Olivier Morère , Antoine Veillard , Jie Lin , Julie Petta , Vijay Chandrasekhar , Tomaso Poggio

Enhanced sampling methods are indispensable in computational physics and chemistry, where atomistic simulations cannot exhaustively sample the high-dimensional configuration space of dynamical systems due to the sampling problem. A class of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Jakub Rydzewski , Ming Chen , Tushar K. Ghosh , Omar Valsson

Chemical reaction sampling critically depends on collective variables (CVs) that capture the slow degrees of freedom governing reactive transformations. However, existing reaction CVs are often defined in geometric space or learned in a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 YaoKun Lei , Yi Isaac Yang

In this study, we present a graph neural network-based learning approach using an autoencoder setup to derive low-dimensional variables from features observed in experimental crystal structures. These variables are then biased in enhanced…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-13 Ziyue Zou , Pratyush Tiwary

Enhanced sampling methods typically require predefined collective variables (CVs) that presuppose knowledge of reaction coordinates, restricting the discovery of unanticipated transition mechanisms or intermediates. Here, we show that a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Xiangrui Li , Daniel Schwalbe-Koda

We propose a framework that lifts the capabilities of graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to scenarios where no input graph is given and increases their robustness to adversarial attacks. We formulate a joint probabilistic model that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Pantelis Elinas , Edwin V. Bonilla , Louis Tiao

Molecular dynamics is crucial for understanding molecular systems but its applicability is often limited by the vast timescales of rare events like protein folding. Enhanced sampling techniques overcome this by accelerating the simulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Seonghyun Park , Kiyoung Seong , Soojung Yang , Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli , Sungsoo Ahn

Structural estimation is an important methodology in empirical economics, and a large class of structural models are estimated through the generalized method of moments (GMM). Traditionally, selection of structural models has been performed…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-07-19 Junpei Komiyama , Hajime Shimao

The choice of optimal event variables is crucial for achieving the maximal sensitivity of experimental analyses. Over time, physicists have derived suitable kinematic variables for many typical event topologies in collider physics. Here we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-24 Doojin Kim , Kyoungchul Kong , Konstantin T. Matchev , Myeonghun Park , Prasanth Shyamsundar

Diffusion-based samplers learn to sample complex, high-dimensional distributions using energies or log densities alone, without training data. Yet, they remain impractical for molecular sampling because they are often slower than molecular…

Recent works on representation learning for graph structured data predominantly focus on learning distributed representations of graph substructures such as nodes and subgraphs. However, many graph analytics tasks such as graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Annamalai Narayanan , Mahinthan Chandramohan , Rajasekar Venkatesan , Lihui Chen , Yang Liu , Shantanu Jaiswal

Understanding protein conformational dynamics is essential for elucidating biological function but remains challenging due to the wide range of timescales and the complexity of collective motions. Enhanced sampling methods overcome…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-11 Souvik Mondal , Michael A. Sauer , Matthias Heyden

Several enhanced sampling techniques rely on the definition of collective variables to effectively explore free energy landscapes. Existing variables that describe the progression along a reactive pathway offer an elegant solution but face…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Thorben Fröhlking , Luigi Bonati , Valerio Rizzi , Francesco Luigi Gervasio

The success of enhanced sampling molecular simulations that accelerate along collective variables (CVs) is predicated on the availability of variables coincident with the slow collective motions governing the long-time conformational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-04 Wei Chen , Hythem Sidky , Andrew L Ferguson

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations allow the exploration of the phase space of biopolymers through the integration of equations of motion of their constituent atoms. The analysis of MD trajectories often relies on the choice of collective…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-05-11 Toni Giorgino , Alessandro Laio , Alex Rodriguez

Finding informative low-dimensional descriptions of high-dimensional simulation data (like the ones arising in molecular dynamics or kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of physical and chemical processes) is crucial to understanding physical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Carmeline J. Dsilva , Ronen Talmon , Neta Rabin , Ronald R. Coifman , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Machine learning methods provide a general framework for automatically finding and representing the essential characteristics of simulation data. This task is particularly crucial in enhanced sampling simulations. There we seek a few…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Jakub Rydzewski , Omar Valsson

A popular way to accelerate the sampling of rare events in molecular dynamics simulations is to introduce a potential that increases the fluctuations of selected collective variables. For this strategy to be successful, it is critical to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-19 Luigi Bonati

Generating a data set that is representative of the accessible configuration space of a molecular system is crucial for the robustness of machine learned interatomic potentials (MLIP). However, the complexity of molecular systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Aik Rui Tan , Johannes C. B. Dietschreit , Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli