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Millimetre-VLBI is an important tool in AGN astrophysics, but it is limited by short atmospheric coherence times and poor receiver and antenna performance. We demonstrate a new kind of phase referencing for the VLBA, enabling us to increase…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Middelberg , A. L. Roy , R. C. Walker , H. Falcke , T. P. Krichbaum

High precision astrometric Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry (S-VLBI) at the low end of the conventional frequency range, i.e. 20cm, is a requirement for a number of high priority science goals. These are headlined by obtaining…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 R. Dodson , M. Rioja , Y. Asaki , H. Imai , X. -Y. Hong , Z. Shen

In order to search for new VLBI sources in the Galactic plane that can be used as phase reference sources in differential VLBI, we have conducted 22 GHz observations of radio sources in the Galactic plane using the Japanese VLBI Network…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 M. Honma

The recent development of a relatively inexpensive 16-Gbps data-recording system based on commercial off-the-shelf technology and open-source software, along with parallel development in broadband Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI)…

Advancements in VLBI instrumentation, driven by the geodetic community's goal of achieving positioning accuracy of 1 mm and stability of 0.1 mm/y, have led to the development of new broadband systems. Here, we assess the potential of these…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 A. Jaradat , G. Molera Calvés , J. Edwards , S. Ellingsen , T. McCarthy , J. Morgan

We present very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of 179 radio sources in the COSMOS field with extremely high sensitivity using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) together with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) (VLBA+GBT) at…

(Sub) mm VLBI observations are strongly hindered by limited sensitivity, with the fast tropospheric fluctuations being the dominant culprit. We predict great benefits from applying next-generation frequency phase transfer calibration…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-24 María J. Rioja , Richard Dodson , Yoshiharu Asaki

Some models of the expanding Universe predict that the astrometric proper motion of distant radio sources embedded in space-time are non-zero as the radial distance from observer to the source grows. Systematic proper motion effects would…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-01 Oleg Titov , Sebastien Lambert

We present results of single-epoch very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) at 22, 43, 86, and 129~GHz bands, which are part of a KVN key…

We have developed a new phase referencing technique for high frequency VLBI observations. In conventional phase referencing, one interleaves short scans on a nearby phase calibrator between the target source observations. In fast frequency…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Middelberg , A. L Roy , R. C. Walker , H. Falcke

The very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique offers angular resolutions superior to any other instruments at other wavelengths, enabling unique science applications of high-resolution imaging of radio sources and high-precision…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-06 T. An , B. W. Sohn , H. Imai

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provides the highest-resolution images in astronomy. The sharpest resolution is nominally achieved at the highest frequencies, but as the observing frequency increases so too does the atmospheric…

We present results from a large global VLBI(Very Long Baseline Interferometry) survey of compact radio sources at 86 GHz which started in October 2001. The main goal of the survey is to increase the total number of objects accessible for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-14 S. Lee , A. P. Lobanov , T. P. Krichbaum , A. Witzel , J. A. Zensus , M. Bremer , A. Greve , M. Grewing

The VLBI Global Observing System, which is the next generation of geodetic VLBI and is called VGOS, observes simultaneously at four frequency bands in the range 3.0--10.7 GHz (expected to be extended to 14 GHz). Because source structure…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-20 Ming H. Xu , Tuomas Savolainen , James M. Anderson , Niko Kareinen , Nataliya Zubko , Susanne Lunz , Harald Schuh

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry is a well established technique for achieving $\pm10~\mu$as parallax accuracies at frequencies well above 10~GHz. At lower frequencies, uncompensated interferometer delays associated with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-15 Lucas J. Hyland , Mark J. Reid , Simon P. Ellingsen , Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson , Gabor Orosz , Colin R. Masson , Jamie M. McCallum

When VLBI observations are used to determine the position or motion of a radio source relative to reference sources nearby on the sky, the astrometric information is usually obtained via: (i) phase-referenced maps; or (ii) parametric model…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 D. E. Lebach , N. Bartel , M. F. Bietenholz , R. M. Campbell , D. Gordon , J. I. Lederman , J. -F. Lestrade , R. R. Ransom , M. I. Ratner , I. I. Shapiro

Deep space navigation presents significant challenges due to the unavailability of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals and severe signal attenuation over interplanetary distances. Traditional terrestrial systems, such as NASA…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Moshe Golani , Yoram Rozen , Hector Rotstein

The source-frequency phase-referencing (SFPR) technique has been demonstrated to have great advantages for mm-VLBI observations. By implementing simultaneous multi-frequency receiving systems on the next generation Event Horizon Telescope…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-20 Wu Jiang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Zhi-Qiang Shen , María Rioja , Richard Dodson , Ilje Cho , Shan-Shan Zhao , Marshall Eubanks , Ru-Sen Lu

The importance of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) for pulsar research is becoming increasingly prominent and receiving more and more attention. In this paper, we present pathfinding pulsar observation results with the Chinese VLBI…

While conventional imaging in VLBI provides information only about the relative position between different features of a given source, phase-referenced observations can provide precise positional information with respect to an external…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eduardo Ros