Related papers: Almost-catalytic Computation
Quantum counting is the task of determining the dimension of the subspace of states that are accepted by a quantum verifier circuit. It is the quantum analog of counting the number of valid solutions to NP problems -- a problem well-studied…
Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is a useful class of methods for Bayesian inference when the likelihood function is computationally intractable. In practice, the basic ABC algorithm may be inefficient in the presence of discrepancy…
We introduce p-equivalence by asymptotic probabilities, which is a weak almost-equivalence based on zero-one laws in finite model theory. In this paper, we consider the computational complexities of p-equivalence problems for regular…
The input to the Multiway Cut problem is a weighted undirected graph, with nonnegative edge weights, and $k$ designated terminals. The goal is to partition the vertices of the graph into $k$ parts, each containing exactly one of the…
Learning-augmented algorithms are a prominent recent development in beyond worst-case analysis. In this framework, a problem instance is provided with a prediction (``advice'') from a machine-learning oracle, which provides partial…
Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing in-context learning capabilities through scaling up model and data size. Despite this progress, LLMs are still unable to solve algorithmic reasoning problems. While providing a rationale…
Probabilistic relational models such as parametric factor graphs enable efficient (lifted) inference by exploiting the indistinguishability of objects. In lifted inference, a representative of indistinguishable objects is used for…
One of the most important open problems in machine scheduling is the problem of scheduling a set of jobs on unrelated machines to minimize the makespan. The best known approximation algorithm for this problem guarantees an approximation…
Recent progress in LLMs, such as reasoning models, has demonstrated strong abilities to solve complex competitive programming problems, often rivaling top human competitors. However, it remains underexplored whether these abilities…
In sparse recovery we are given a matrix $A$ (the dictionary) and a vector of the form $A X$ where $X$ is sparse, and the goal is to recover $X$. This is a central notion in signal processing, statistics and machine learning. But in…
This paper is about minimum cost constrained selection of inputs and outputs for generic arbitrary pole placement. The input-output set is constrained in the sense that the set of states that each input can influence and the set of states…
Despite remarkable achievements in its practical tractability, the notorious class of NP-complete problems has been escaping all attempts to find a worst-case polynomial time-bound solution algorithms for any of them. The vast majority of…
Since the Bin Packing Problem (BPP) is one of the main NP-hard problems, a lot of approximation algorithms have been suggested for it. It has been proven that the best algorithm for BPP has the approximation ratio of 3/2 and the time order…
Cutting and packing problems are fundamental in manufacturing and logistics, as they aim to minimize waste and improve efficiency. The Cutting Stock Problem (CSP) concerns material cutting, whereas the Bin Packing Problem (BPP) concerns…
We study approximation algorithms for satisfiable and nearly satisfiable instances of ordering constraint satisfaction problems (ordering CSPs). Ordering CSPs arise naturally in ranking and scheduling, yet their approximability remains…
There is a growing trend of teaching large language models (LLMs) to solve mathematical problems through coding. Existing studies primarily focus on prompting powerful, closed-source models to generate seed training data followed by…
In this paper we study constrained subspace approximation problem. Given a set of $n$ points $\{a_1,\ldots,a_n\}$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$, the goal of the {\em subspace approximation} problem is to find a $k$ dimensional subspace that best…
Despite significant advancements in text generation and reasoning, Large Language Models (LLMs) still face challenges in accurately performing complex arithmetic operations. Language model systems often enable LLMs to generate code for…
The atomistic-to-continuum (a/c) coupling methods, also known as the quasicontinuum (QC) methods, are a important class of concurrent multisacle methods for modeling and simulating materials with defects. The a/c methods aim to balance the…
Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a well-established formalism for nonmonotonic reasoning. An ASP program can have no answer set due to cyclic default negation. In this case, it is not possible to draw any conclusion, even if this is not…