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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) are increasingly used in multimodal analysis of neurodegenerative disorders. While MRI is broadly utilized in clinical settings, PET is less accessible. Many studies…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Minhui Yu , Mengqi Wu , Ling Yue , Andrea Bozoki , Mingxia Liu

Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) reduces radiation exposure by subsampling projection views, but conventional reconstruction methods produce severe streak artifacts with undersampled data. While deep-learning-based methods enable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 Jixiang Chen , Yiqun Lin , Yi Qin , Hualiang Wang , Xiaomeng Li

In this study, we introduce a novel two-stage technique for decomposing and reconstructing facial features from sparse-view images, a task made challenging by the unique geometry and complex skin reflectance of each individual. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Daisheng Jin , Jiangbei Hu , Baixin Xu , Yuxin Dai , Chen Qian , Ying He

Background: Daily or weekly cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are commonly used for accurate patient positioning during the image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) process, making it an ideal option for adaptive radiotherapy (ART)…

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is one of widely used diagnostic tools for medical and dental tomographic imaging of the human body. However, the standard filtered backprojection reconstruction method requires the complete knowledge of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-24 Jae Kyu Choi , Bin Dong , Xiaoqun Zhang

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are problematic in clinical medicine because of their low contrast and high artifact content compared with conventional CT images. Although there are some studies to improve image quality, in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Naruki Murahashi , Mitsuhiro Nakamura , Megumi Nakao

Attenuation artifacts remain a significant challenge in cardiac Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI) using Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), often compromising diagnostic accuracy and reducing clinical interpretability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Trung Kien Pham , Hoang Minh Vu , Anh Duc Chu , Dac Thai Nguyen , Trung Thanh Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Mai Hong Son , Thanh Trung Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen

We introduce Linearly Constrained Diffusion Implicit Models (CDIM), a fast and accurate approach to solving noisy linear inverse problems using diffusion models. Traditional diffusion-based inverse methods rely on numerous projection steps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Vivek Jayaram , Ira Kemelmacher-Shlizerman , Steven M. Seitz , John Thickstun

Inspired by the success of deep learning applications on restoration of low-dose and sparse CT images, we propose a novel method to reconstruct high-quality 4D cone-beam CT (4DCBCT) images from sparse datasets. Our approach combines the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-08-14 Joel Beaudry , Pedro L. Esquinas

Color polarization demosaicking (CPDM) aims to reconstruct full-resolution polarization images of four directions from the color-polarization filter array (CPFA) raw image. Due to the challenge of predicting numerous missing pixels and the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Chenggong Li , Yidong Luo , Junchao Zhang , Degui Yang

For image inpainting, the existing Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) based method i.e. RePaint can produce high-quality images for any inpainting form. It utilizes a pre-trained DDPM as a prior and generates inpainting results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Lintao Zhang , Xiangcheng Du , LeoWu TomyEnrique , Yiqun Wang , Yingbin Zheng , Cheng Jin

Accurate PET imaging increasingly requires methods that support unconstrained detector layouts from walk-through designs to long-axial rings where gaps and open sides lead to severely undersampled sinograms. Instead of constraining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Rüveyda Yilmaz , Julian Thull , Johannes Stegmaier , Volkmar Schulz

Latest diffusion-based methods for many image restoration tasks outperform traditional models, but they encounter the long-time inference problem. To tackle it, this paper proposes a Wavelet-Based Diffusion Model (WaveDM). WaveDM learns the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Yi Huang , Jiancheng Huang , Jianzhuang Liu , Mingfu Yan , Yu Dong , Jiaxi Lv , Chaoqi Chen , Shifeng Chen

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently been introduced as a regularizing prior for PET image reconstruction, integrating DMs trained on high-quality PET images with unsupervised schemes that condition on measured data. While these approaches…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 George Webber , Alexander Hammers , Andrew P King , Andrew J Reader

Diffusion models have enabled remarkably high-quality medical image generation, yet it is challenging to enforce anatomical constraints in generated images. To this end, we propose a diffusion model-based method that supports…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Nicholas Konz , Yuwen Chen , Haoyu Dong , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Image inpainting is a technique used to restore missing or damaged regions of an image. Traditional methods primarily utilize information from adjacent pixels for reconstructing missing areas, while they struggle to preserve complex details…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Junyan Zhang , Yan Li , Mengxiao Geng , Liu Shi , Qiegen Liu

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) methods using class labels often rely on class activation maps (CAMs) to localize objects. However, traditional CAM-based methods struggle with partial activations and imprecise object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Dewen Zeng , Xinrong Hu , Yu-Jen Chen , Yawen Wu , Xiaowei Xu , Yiyu Shi

A CT image can be well reconstructed when the sampling rate of the sinogram satisfies the Nyquist criteria and the sampled signal is noise-free. However, in practice, the sinogram is usually contaminated by noise, which degrades the quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Wei Wang , Xiang-Gen Xia , Chuanjiang He , Zemin Ren , Jian Lu , Tianfu Wang , Baiying Lei

Real-world text can be damaged by corrosion issues caused by environmental or human factors, which hinder the preservation of the complete styles of texts, e.g., texture and structure. These corrosion issues, such as graffiti signs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Shipeng Zhu , Pengfei Fang , Chenjie Zhu , Zuoyan Zhao , Qiang Xu , Hui Xue

Low-dose computed tomography (CT) denoising is crucial for reduced radiation exposure while ensuring diagnostically acceptable image quality. Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning (DL) in recent years, existing DL-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhihao Chen , Qi Gao , Zilong Li , Junping Zhang , Yi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Hongming Shan