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The success of Deep Learning has created a surge in interest in a wide a range of Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks. Deep Learning has not only pushed the state of the art in several existing NLG tasks but has also facilitated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ananya B. Sai , Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Mitesh M. Khapra

Music captioning has emerged as a promising task, fueled by the advent of advanced language generation models. However, the evaluation of music captioning relies heavily on traditional metrics such as BLEU, METEOR, and ROUGE which were…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jinwoo Lee , Kyogu Lee

N-gram matching-based evaluation metrics, such as BLEU and chrF, are widely utilized across a range of natural language generation (NLG) tasks. However, recent studies have revealed a weak correlation between these matching-based metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Xianfeng Zeng , Yijin Liu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

In recent years, researchers have created and introduced a significant number of various code generation models. As human evaluation of every new model version is unfeasible, the community adopted automatic evaluation metrics such as BLEU…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Mikhail Evtikhiev , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Sokolov , Timofey Bryksin

We present BLANC, a new approach to the automatic estimation of document summary quality. Our goal is to measure the functional performance of a summary with an objective, reproducible, and fully automated method. Our approach achieves this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Oleg Vasilyev , Vedant Dharnidharka , John Bohannon

Marked by the highlights of native generation of EPUB E-books and TikZ support for creating SVG images, we present an annual report of LaTeXML development in 2013. LaTeXML provides a reimplementation of the $\TeX$ parser, geared towards…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Deyan Ginev , Bruce R. Miller , Silviu Oprea

Verifying mathematical proofs is difficult, but can be automated with the assistance of a computer. Autoformalization is the task of automatically translating natural language mathematics into a formal language that can be verified by a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Nilay Patel , Rahul Saha , Jeffrey Flanigan

In this paper, we propose a new metric for Machine Translation (MT) evaluation, based on bi-directional entailment. We show that machine generated translation can be evaluated by determining paraphrasing with a reference translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Rakesh Khobragade , Heaven Patel , Anand Namdev , Anish Mishra , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Metric validation in Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) is currently done by observing the correlation between human and metric-induced rankings. However, such correlation studies are costly, methodologically troublesome, and suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Leshem Choshen , Omri Abend

Automatically assessing handwritten mathematical solutions is an important problem in educational technology with practical applications, but it remains a significant challenge due to the diverse formats, unstructured layouts, and symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Thu Phuong Nguyen , Duc M. Nguyen , Hyotaek Jeon , Hyunwook Lee , Hyunmin Song , Sungahn Ko , Taehwan Kim

Translationese refers to linguistic properties that usually occur in translated texts. Previous works study translationese by framing it as a binary classification between original texts and translated texts. In this paper, we argue that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yikang Liu , Wanyang Zhang , Yiming Wang , Jialong Tang , Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Fei Huang , Rui Wang , Hai Hu

Mathematical formulae represent complex semantic information in a concise form. Especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, mathematical formulae are crucial to communicate information, e.g., in scientific papers, and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Moritz Schubotz , Andre Greiner-Petter , Philipp Scharpf , Norman Meuschke , Howard Cohl , Bela Gipp

Reranking methods in machine translation aim to close the gap between common evaluation metrics (e.g. BLEU) and maximum likelihood learning and decoding algorithms. Prior works address this challenge by training models to rerank beam search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Lior Vassertail , Omer Levy

Commit messages are natural language descriptions of code changes, which are important for program understanding and maintenance. However, writing commit messages manually is time-consuming and laborious, especially when the code is updated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Wei Tao , Yanlin Wang , Ensheng Shi , Lun Du , Shi Han , Hongyu Zhang , Dongmei Zhang , Wenqiang Zhang

Many Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks aim to generate a single output text given an input prompt. Other settings require the generation of multiple texts, e.g., for Synthetic Traffic Generation (STG). This generation task is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Simone Filice , Jason Ingyu Choi , Giuseppe Castellucci , Eugene Agichtein , Oleg Rokhlenko

For natural language understanding (NLU) technology to be maximally useful, both practically and as a scientific object of study, it must be general: it must be able to process language in a way that is not exclusively tailored to any one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Alex Wang , Amanpreet Singh , Julian Michael , Felix Hill , Omer Levy , Samuel R. Bowman

In this paper, we introduce XGLUE, a new benchmark dataset that can be used to train large-scale cross-lingual pre-trained models using multilingual and bilingual corpora and evaluate their performance across a diverse set of cross-lingual…

The discrepancy between maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and task measures such as BLEU score has been studied before for autoregressive neural machine translation (NMT) and resulted in alternative training algorithms (Ranzato et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Sumanta Bhattacharyya , Amirmohammad Rooshenas , Subhajit Naskar , Simeng Sun , Mohit Iyyer , Andrew McCallum

Reward models are central to aligning LLMs with human preferences, but they are costly to train, requiring large-scale human-labeled preference data and powerful pretrained LLM backbones. Meanwhile, the increasing availability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yapei Chang , Yekyung Kim , Michael Krumdick , Amir Zadeh , Chuan Li , Chris Tanner , Mohit Iyyer

Due to the exponential growth of information and the need for efficient information consumption the task of summarization has gained paramount importance. Evaluating summarization accurately and objectively presents significant challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dong Yuan , Eti Rastogi , Fen Zhao , Sagar Goyal , Gautam Naik , Sree Prasanna Rajagopal