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Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures represent images as collections of high-dimensional vectorized tokens, each corresponding to a rectangular non-overlapping patch. This representation trades spatial granularity for embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Dong Lao , Yangchao Wu , Tian Yu Liu , Alex Wong , Stefano Soatto

We consider a missing data problem in the context of automatic segmentation methods for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain scans. Usually, automated MRI scan segmentation is based on multiple scans (e.g., T1-weighted, T2-weighted, T1CE,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-06 Giulia Baldini , Melanie Schmidt , Charlotte Zäske , Liliana L. Caldeira

In clinical practice, multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with different contrasts is usually acquired in a single study to assess different properties of the same region of interest in the human body. The whole acquisition process…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Kai Xuan , Lei Xiang , Xiaoqian Huang , Lichi Zhang , Shu Liao , Dinggang Shen , Qian Wang

Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) is known as a widely used approach to reduce radiation dose while accelerating imaging through lowered projection views and correlated calculations. However, its severe imaging noise and streaking…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-20 Yitong Liu , Ken Deng , Chang Sun , Hongwen Yang

Increasing use of CT in modern medical practice has raised concerns over associated radiation dose. Reduction of radiation dose associated with CT can increase noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect diagnostic confidence. Denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Qingsong Yang , Pingkun Yan , Mannudeep K. Kalra , Ge Wang

Training of semantic segmentation models for material analysis requires micrographs and their corresponding masks. It is quite unlikely that perfect masks will be drawn, especially at the edges of objects, and sometimes the amount of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Matias Oscar Volman Stern , Dominic Hohs , Andreas Jansche , Timo Bernthaler , Gerhard Schneider

How to evaluate and compare image quality from different sub-micrometer (sub$\mu$) CT scans? A simple test phantom made of polymer microbeads is used for recording projection images as well as 13 CT scans in a number of commercial and…

Multimodal medical image fusion helps in combining contrasting features from two or more input imaging modalities to represent fused information in a single image. One of the pivotal clinical applications of medical image fusion is the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-20 Nishant Kumar , Nico Hoffmann , Martin Oelschlägel , Edmund Koch , Matthias Kirsch , Stefan Gumhold

Medical ultrasound image segmentation presents a formidable challenge in the realm of computer vision. Traditional approaches rely on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer-based methods to address the intricacies of medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Weixin Xu , Ziliang Wang

Cross-modal image synthesis is a topical problem in medical image computing. Existing methods for image synthesis are either tailored to a specific application, require large scale training sets, or are based on partitioning images into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Yawen Huang , Ling Shao , Alejandro F. Frangi

The translation from Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to Computed tomography (CT) has been proposed as an effective solution to facilitate MRI-only clinical workflows while limiting exposure to ionizing radiation. Although numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Alessandro Pesci , Valerio Guarrasi , Marco Alì , Isabella Castiglioni , Paolo Soda

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used for diagnosis and image-guided therapeutics. Due to hardware, physical and physiological limitations, acquisition of high-resolution MRI data takes long scan time at high system cost, and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Qing Lyu , Chenyu You , Hongming Shan , Ge Wang

A key feature of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is its ability to manipulate how the intrinsic tissue parameters of the anatomy ultimately contribute to the contrast properties of the final, acquired image. This flexibility, however, can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Dzung L. Pham , Snehashis Roy

This article introduces a new parametric synthesis method for sound textures based on existing works in visual and sound texture synthesis. Starting from a base sound signal, an optimization process is performed until the cross-correlations…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Hugo Caracalla , Axel Roebel

Purpose: This study assessed the dosimetric accuracy of synthetic CT images generated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for focal brain radiation therapy, using a deep learning approach. Material and Methods: We conducted a study…

Personalized computed tomography (CT) dosimetry has great potential in assessing patient-specific radiation exposure, supporting risk assessment, and optimizing clinical protocols. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Marie-Luise Kuhlmann , Jörg Martin , Stefan Pojtinger

The rapidly emerging field of deep learning-based computational pathology has shown promising results in utilizing whole slide images (WSIs) to objectively prognosticate cancer patients. However, most prognostic methods are currently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Mingxin Liu , Yunzan Liu , Hui Cui , Chunquan Li , Jiquan Ma

Accurate MRI-to-CT synthesis could enable MR-only pelvic workflows by providing CT-like images with bone details while avoiding additional ionizing radiation. In this work, we investigate recently proposed drifting models for synthesizing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Qing Lyu , Jianxu Wang , Jeremy Hudson , Ge Wang , Chirstopher T. Whitlow

Medical semantic-mask synthesis boosts data augmentation and analysis, yet most GAN-based approaches still produce one-to-one images and lack spatial consistency in complex scans. To address this, we propose AnatoMaskGAN, a novel synthesis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Zonglin Wu , Yule Xue , Qianxiang Hu , Yaoyao Feng , Yuqi Ma , Shanxiong Chen

Traditional model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) methods combine forward and noise models with simple object priors. Recent application of deep learning methods for image reconstruction provides a successful data-driven approach to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-22 Ling Chen , Zhishen Huang , Yong Long , Saiprasad Ravishankar