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The Cosmic Dawn Intensity Mapper (CDIM) will transform our understanding of the era of reionization when the Universe formed the first stars and galaxies, and UV photons ionized the neutral medium. CDIM goes beyond the capabilities of…

Measurement of the spatial distribution of neutral hydrogen via the redshifted 21 cm line promises to revolutionize our knowledge of the epoch of reionization and the first galaxies, and may provide a powerful new tool for observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Miguel F. Morales , J. Stuart B. Wyithe

The epoch of reionization (EoR) marks the last phase transition of hydrogen in our Universe, as it evolves from cold and neutral to hot and ionized in the intergalactic medium (IGM). While its endpoint and duration can be estimated from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-12 Sarah Libanore , Ely D. Kovetz , Julian B. Munoz , Yonatan Sklansky , Emilie Thélie

We perform a Fisher analysis to estimate the expected constraints on the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) model parameters (i.e., minimum virial temperature, the ionizing efficiency and the mean free path of ionizing photons) taking into account…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-04 Hayato Shimabukuro , Shintaro Yoshiura , Keitaro Takahashi , Shuichiro Yokoyama , Kiyotomo Ichiki

Radio interferometers aiming to measure the power spectrum of the redshifted 21 cm line during the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) need to achieve an unprecedented dynamic range to separate the weak signal from overwhelming foreground…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Pascal M. Keller , Bojan Nikolic , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Chris L. Carilli , Gianni Bernardi , Ntsikelelo Charles , Landman Bester , Oleg M. Smirnov , Nicholas S. Kern , Joshua S. Dillon , Bryna J. Hazelton , Miguel F. Morales , Daniel C. Jacobs , Aaron R. Parsons , Zara Abdurashidova , Tyrone Adams , James E. Aguirre , Paul Alexander , Zaki S. Ali , Rushelle Baartman , Yanga Balfour , Adam P. Beardsley , Tashalee S. Billings , Judd D. Bowman , Richard F. Bradley , Philip Bull , Jacob Burba , Steven Carey , Carina Cheng , David R. DeBoer , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Matt Dexter , Nico Eksteen , John Ely , Aaron Ewall-Wice , Nicolas Fagnoni , Randall Fritz , Steven R. Furlanetto , Kingsley Gale-Sides , Brian Glendenning , Deepthi Gorthi , Bradley Greig , Jasper Grobbelaar , Ziyaad Halday , Jacqueline N. Hewitt , Jack Hickish , Austin Julius , MacCalvin Kariseb , Joshua Kerrigan , Piyanat Kittiwisit , Saul A. Kohn , Matthew Kolopanis , Adam Lanman , Paul La Plante , Adrian Liu , Anita Loots , Yin-Zhe Ma , David Harold Edward MacMahon , Lourence Malan , Cresshim Malgas , Keith Malgas , Bradley Marero , Zachary E. Martinot , Andrei Mesinger , Mathakane Molewa , Tshegofalang Mosiane , Steven G. Murray , Abraham R. Neben , Hans Nuwegeld , Robert Pascua , Nipanjana Patra , Samantha Pieterse , Jonathan C. Pober , Nima Razavi-Ghods , James Robnett , Kathryn Rosie , Mario G. Santos , Peter Sims , Craig Smith , Hilton Swarts , Pieter Van Wyngaarden , Peter K. G. Williams , Haoxuan Zheng

During the epoch of reionization (EoR), the 21-cm signal allows direct observation of the neutral hydrogen (HI) in the intergalactic medium (IGM). In the post-reionization era, this signal instead probes HI in galaxies, which traces the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-20 Sambit K. Giri , Michele Bianco , Timothée Schaeffer , Ilian T. Iliev , Garrelt Mellema , Aurel Schneider

We are developing the Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) to detect 21cm emission from the early Universe, when the first stars and galaxies were forming. We describe the overall experiment strategy and…

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR), when the first luminous sources ionised the intergalactic medium, represents a new frontier in cosmology. The Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) will offer unprecedented insights into this era through…

Future high redshift 21-cm experiments will suffer from a high degree of contamination, due both to astrophysical foregrounds and to non-astrophysical and instrumental effects. In order to reliably extract the cosmological signal from the…

The amplitude of redshifted 21 cm fluctuations during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is expected to show a distinctive "rise and fall" behavior with decreasing redshift as reionization proceeds. On large scales (k <~ 0.1 Mpc^{-1}) this can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-06 Angus Beane , Adam Lidz

We analyse the photometric and spectroscopic properties of four galaxies in the epoch of reionisation (EoR) within the SMACS 0723 JWST Early Release Observations field. Given the known spectroscopic redshifts of these sources, we…

Redshifted 21cm-line signal from neutral hydrogens in the intergalactic medium (IGM) gives a direct probe of the epoch of reionization (EoR). In this paper, we investigate the potential of the variance and skewness of the probability…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-31 Kenji Kubota , Shintaro Yoshiura , Hayato Shimabukuro , Keitaro Takahashi

There are several planned and ongoing experiments designed to explore the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), the pivotal period during which the gas in the intergalactic medium went from being entirely neutral to almost entirely ionized. These…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-08-27 Vibor Jelic

The EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM) is a cryogenic balloon-borne instrument that will map carbon monoxide and singly-ionized carbon emission lines across redshifts from 0 to 3.5, using an intensity…

Statistical observations of the epoch of reionization (EOR) power spectrum provide a rich data set for understanding the transition from the cosmic "dark ages" to the ionized universe we see today. EOR observations have become an active…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Judd D. Bowman , Miguel F. Morales , Jacqueline N. Hewitt

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is the epoch in which hydrogen in the Universe reionize after the "Dark Ages". This is the second of two major phase transitions that hydrogen in the Universe underwent, the first phase being the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-16 Saleem Zaroubi

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) provides critical insights into the role of early galaxies in shaping the ionization state of the universe. However, because of the opacity of the intergalactic medium, it is often not possible to make direct…

The rapid evolution of the cosmological neutral hydrogen (HI) distribution during the EoR is imprinted along the line of sight (LoS) in the redshifted 21-cm signal due to the light cone (LC) effect. The LC EoR 21-cm signal ceases to be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-06 Suman Pramanick , Somnath Bharadwaj , Khandakar Md Asif Elahi , Rajesh Mondal

Line-intensity mapping (LIM) is emerging as a powerful probe of the high-redshift Universe, with a growing number of LIM experiments targeting various spectral lines deep into the epochs of reionization and cosmic dawn. A key remaining…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 Sarah Libanore , Julian B. Munoz , Ely D. Kovetz

Characterise the large-scale structure in the Universe from present times to the high redshift epoch of reionisation is essential to constraining the cosmology, the history of star formation and reionisation, measuring the gas content of…