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Related papers: Procedural Synthesis of Synthesizable Molecules

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Molecular design and synthesis planning are two critical steps in the process of molecular discovery that we propose to formulate as a single shared task of conditional synthetic pathway generation. We report an amortized approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Wenhao Gao , Rocío Mercado , Connor W. Coley

The disconnect between AI-generated molecules with desirable properties and their synthetic feasibility remains a critical bottleneck in computational discovery of drugs and materials. While generative AI has accelerated the proposal of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Shuan Chen , Gunwook Nam , Alan Aspuru-Guzik , Yousung Jung

Generative artificial intelligence has revolutionized the exploration of chemical space, yet a critical bottleneck remains that a substantial fraction of generated molecules is synthetically inaccessible. Current solutions, such as post-hoc…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Junren Li , Luhua Lai

Syntax-guided synthesis aims to find a program satisfying semantic specification as well as user-provided structural hypothesis. For syntax-guided synthesis there are two main search strategies: concrete search, which systematically or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Kangjing Huang , Xiaokang Qiu , Qi Tian , Yanjun Wang

Designing synthetic routes for novel molecules is pivotal in various fields like medicine and chemistry. In this process, researchers need to explore a set of synthetic reactions to transform starting molecules into intermediates step by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Qipeng Wang , Rui Sheng , Shaolun Ruan , Xiaofu Jin , Chuhan Shi , Min Zhu

Generative models see increasing use in computer-aided drug design. However, while performing well at capturing distributions of molecular motifs, they often produce synthetically inaccessible molecules. To address this, we introduce…

Multimodal program synthesis, which leverages different types of user input to synthesize a desired program, is an attractive way to scale program synthesis to challenging settings; however, it requires integrating noisy signals from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xi Ye , Qiaochu Chen , Isil Dillig , Greg Durrett

Automated Synthesis Planning has recently re-emerged as a research area at the intersection of chemistry and machine learning. Despite the appearance of steady progress, we argue that imperfect benchmarks and inconsistent comparisons mask…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Krzysztof Maziarz , Austin Tripp , Guoqing Liu , Megan Stanley , Shufang Xie , Piotr Gaiński , Philipp Seidl , Marwin Segler

Recent work has proposed a promising approach to improving scalability of program synthesis by allowing the user to supply a syntactic template that constrains the space of potential programs. Unfortunately, creating templates often…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Jeevana Priya Inala , Nadia Polikarpova , Xiaokang Qiu , Benjamin S. Lerner , Armando Solar-Lezama

The discovery of functional molecules is an expensive and time-consuming process, exemplified by the rising costs of small molecule therapeutic discovery. One class of techniques of growing interest for early-stage drug discovery is de novo…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-18 Wenhao Gao , Connor W. Coley

Program synthesis aims to automatically construct human-readable programs that satisfy given task specifications, such as input/output pairs or demonstrations. Recent works have demonstrated encouraging results in a variety of domains, such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Linghan Zhong , Ryan Lindeborg , Jesse Zhang , Joseph J. Lim , Shao-Hua Sun

Syntax-guided synthesis is a paradigm in program synthesis in which the search space of candidate solutions is constrained by a syntactic template in the form of a grammar. These syntactic constraints serve two purposes: constraining the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yixuan Li , Federico Mora , Elizabeth Polgreen , Sanjit A. Seshia

We propose a novel approach to program synthesis, focusing on synthesizing database queries. At a high level, our proposed algorithm takes as input a sketch with soft constraints encoding user intent, and then iteratively interacts with the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Osbert Bastani , Xin Zhang , Armando Solar-Lezama

Generative machine learning models for exploring chemical space have shown immense promise, but many molecules they generate are too difficult to synthesize, making them impractical for further investigation or development. In this work, we…

In the last few years, de novo molecular design using machine learning has made great technical progress but its practical deployment has not been as successful. This is mostly owing to the cost and technical difficulty of synthesizing such…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-06 Qi Zhang , Chang Liu , Stephen Wu , Ryo Yoshida

Synthesizability remains a critical bottleneck in generative molecular design. While recent advances have addressed synthesizability in 2D graphs, extending these constraints to 3D for geometry-based conditional generation remains largely…

We introduce the syntactic scaffold, an approach to incorporating syntactic information into semantic tasks. Syntactic scaffolds avoid expensive syntactic processing at runtime, only making use of a treebank during training, through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Swabha Swayamdipta , Sam Thomson , Kenton Lee , Luke Zettlemoyer , Chris Dyer , Noah A. Smith

Inspired by the effectiveness of genetic algorithms and the importance of synthesizability in molecular design, we present SynGA, a simple genetic algorithm that operates directly over synthesis routes. Our method features custom crossover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Alston Lo , Connor W. Coley , Wojciech Matusik

Defect segmentation is crucial for quality control in advanced manufacturing, yet data scarcity poses challenges for state-of-the-art supervised deep learning. Synthetic defect data generation is a popular approach for mitigating data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Shancong Mou , Raviteja Vemulapalli , Shiyu Li , Yuxuan Liu , C Thomas , Meng Cao , Haoping Bai , Oncel Tuzel , Ping Huang , Jiulong Shan , Jianjun Shi

Discovering new drug molecules is a pivotal yet challenging process due to the near-infinitely large chemical space and notorious demands on time and resources. Numerous generative models have recently been introduced to accelerate the drug…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Shitong Luo , Wenhao Gao , Zuofan Wu , Jian Peng , Connor W. Coley , Jianzhu Ma
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