Related papers: Enhancement of fusion reactivities using non-Maxwe…
Non-Maxwellian distributions of particles are commonly observed in fusion studies, especially for magnetic confinement fusion plasmas. The particle distribution has a direct effect on fusion reactivity, which is the focus of this study. We…
Fusion reactivity represents the integration of fusion cross-sections and the velocity distributions of two reactants. In this study, we investigate the upper bound of fusion reactivity for a non-thermal reactant coexisting with a thermal…
The calculation of fusion reactivity involves a complex six-dimensional integral that takes into account the fusion cross-section and velocity distributions of two reactants. However, a more simplified one-dimensional integral form can be…
We argue that the Maxwellian approximation can essentially underestimate the rates of some nuclear reactions in hot plasma under conditions very close to thermal equilibrium. This phenomenon is demonstrated explicitly on the example of…
The reactivity of fusion plasma depends not only on its local density and temperature but also, through a recently identified kinetic effect, on the relative velocities of nearby fluid elements. Turbulence on fine spatial scales therefore…
We discuss the sensitivity of tunneling processes to the initial preparation of the quantum state. We compare the case of Gaussian wave packets of different positional variances using a generalised Woods-Saxon potential for which analytical…
Thermonuclear fusion reactivity is a pivotal quantity in the studies pertaining to fusion energy production, fusion ignition and energy break-even analysis in both inertially and magnetically confined systems. Although nuclear fusion…
Non-Maxwellian distributions are commonly observed across a wide range of systems and scales. While direct observations provide the strongest evidence for these distributions, they also manifest indirectly through their influence on…
The Coulomb barrier is in general much higher than thermal energy. Nuclear fusion reactions occur only among few protons and nuclei with higher relative energies than Coulomb barrier. It is the equilibrium velocity distribution of these…
In astronomical environments, the high-temperature emission of plasma mainly depends on ion charge states, which requires accurate analysis of the ionization and recombination processes. For various phenomena involving energetic particles,…
We demonstrate that a nonthermal distribution of particles described by a kappa distribution can be accurately approximated by a weighted sum of Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions. We apply this method to modeling collision processes in…
We revisit the assumption that reactors based on deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion processes have to be necessarily developed after the successful completion of experiments and demonstrations for deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reactors. Two…
The nonthermal particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection remains a fundamental topic in several astrophysical phenomena, such as solar flares, pulsar wind, magnetars, etc, for more than half a century, and one of the unresolved…
Experimental results for sub-barrier nuclear fusion reactions show cross section enhancements with respect to bare nuclei which are generally larger than those expected according to electron screening calculations. We point out that energy…
Energy and momentum of the elementary excitations become independent variables in medium: energy and momentum statistical distributions are not identical. The momentum distribution and not the energy distribution is relevant for barrier…
The standard (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to fit data and to describe macroscopic thermodynamical behavior, e.g.\ the pressure (temperature) as the second moment of the distribution function. By contrast to a…
In fusion reactions, the Coulomb barrier selects particles from the high-momentum part of the distribution. Therefore, small variations of the high-momentum tail of the velocity distribution can produce strong effects on fusion rates. In…
We theoretically investigate a photosystem II-based reaction center modeled as a nonequilibrium quantum junction. We specifically focus on the electron-electron interactions that enable cotunneling events to be captured through quantum…
Velocity-space anisotropy can significantly modify fusion reactivity. The nature and magnitude of this modification depends on the plasma temperature, as well as the details of how the anisotropy is introduced. For plasmas that are…
Eigen-channel approach to heavy-ion fusion reactions is exact only when the excitation energy of the intrinsic motion is zero. In order to take into account effects of finite excitation energy, we introduce an energy dependence to weight…