Related papers: Bound state basics
Discussions are made on the relationship between physical states and gauge independence in QED. As the first candidate take the LSZ-asymptotic states in a covariant canonical formalism to investigate gauge independence of the (Belinfante's)…
This paper is dedicated to the study of the existence and the properties of electron-electron bound states in QED$_3$. A detailed analysis of the infrared structure of the perturbative series of the theory is presented. We start by…
Confinement of atoms inside impenetrable (hard) and penetrable (soft) cavities has been studied for nearly eight decades. However, a unified virial theorem for such systems has not yet been found. Here we provide a general virial-like…
Using a system of the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson equations of motion, a pure dynamical theory of quark confinement and spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry is formulated. It is based on dominated in the QCD vacuum self-interaction of…
The path integral approach to quantum mechanics requires a substantial generalisation to describe the dynamics of systems confined to bounded domains. Non-local boundary conditions can be introduced in Feynman's approach by means of…
I propose that the properties of QCD perturbation theory should be investigated when the boundary state (`perturbative vacuum') at $t= \pm\infty$ includes gluons. Any boundary state that has an overlap with the true QCD ground state…
A classical particle under spatial constraints is strictly confined to live on a specific space manifold or path, but this assumption is incompatible with the zero-point fluctuations of a quantum particle. One way to describe quantum…
The space of continuous states of perturbative interacting quantum field theories in globally hyperbolic curved spacetimes is determined. Following Brunetti and Fredenhagen, we first define an abstract algebra of observables which contains…
In this paper, we aim to extend to interacting massive and massless fermionic theories the recent perturbative construction of equilibrium states developed within the framework of perturbative algebraic quantum field theory on Lorentzian…
The relativistic fermion-antifermion bound state vector potential of constraint theory is calculated, in perturbation theory, by means of the Lippmann-Schwinger type equation that relates it to the scattering amplitude. Leading…
We calculate the ground state current densities for 2+1 dimensional free fermion theories with local, translationally invariant boundary states. Deformations of the bulk wave functions close to the edge and boundary states both may cause…
We demonstrate that quantum field excitations can generate packaged entangled states, in which all internal quantum numbers (IQNs) (e.g., electric charge, flavor, and color) are inseparably entangled and constrained to irreducible…
I revue the so called Wilson loop approach to bound state problem in QCD. I shall show how using appropriate path integral representations for the quark propagator in an external field it is possible to obtain corresponding path integral…
We examine the dynamics of quarks and gauge fields in the lowest energy states in the QED and QCD interactions by combining Schwinger's longitudinal confinement in (1+1)D with Polyakov's transverse confinement in (2+1)D in a ``stretch…
Motivated by the gluon condensate in QCD we study the perturbative expansion of a gauge theory in the presence of gauge bosons of vanishing momentum, in the specific case of an abelian theory. The background is characterised by a…
Quantum confinement is studied by numerically solving time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. An imaginary-time evolution technique is employed in conjunction with the minimization of an expectation value, to reach the global minimum.…
Peripheral heavy-ion collisions are expected to exhibit magnetic fields with magnitudes comparable to the QCD scale, as well as non-zero baryon densities. Whereas QCD at finite magnetic fields can be simulated directly with standard lattice…
We discuss formulation of QCD in Minkowski-spacetime and effect of an operator product expansion by means of normal ordering of fields in the QCD Lagrangian. The formulation of QCD in the Minkowski-spacetime allows us to solve a constraint…
The states of an open quantum system interact ("talk") with one another via the extended environment into which the localized system is embedded. This interaction is mediated by the source term of the Schr\"odinger equation which describes…
At the lower edge of the energy continuum the birth of an isolated quantum bound state is studied as caused by an infinitesimally small change of the interaction. In our model a single, asymptotically free massive quantum particle is…