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The topology of many real complex networks has been conjectured to be embedded in hidden metric spaces, where distances between nodes encode their likelihood of being connected. Besides of providing a natural geometrical interpretation of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-23 Antoine Allard , M. Ángeles Serrano , Guillermo García-Pérez , Marián Boguñá

The study of complex networks has been historically based on simple graph data models representing relationships between individuals. However, often reality cannot be accurately captured by a flat graph model. This has led to the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-03-21 Matteo Magnani , Barbora Micenkova , Luca Rossi

In multiplex networks, cycles cannot be characterized only by their length, as edges may occur in different layers in different combinations. We define a classification of cycles by the number of edges in each layer and the number of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-22 Gareth J. Baxter , Davide Cellai , Sergey N. Dorogovtsev , José F. F. Mendes

Human social networks are inherently multiplex, comprising overlapping layers of relationships. Different layers may have distinct structural properties and interpersonal dynamics, but also may interact to form complex interdependent…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yongren Shi , Edo Airoldi , Nicholas A. Christakis

Complex systems of interacting components often can be modeled by a simple graph $\mathcal{G}$ that consists of a set of $n$ nodes and a set of $m$ edges. Such a graph can be represented by an adjacency matrix $A\in\R^{n\times n}$, whose…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-17 Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel

It has been recognized that many complex dynamical systems in the real world require a description in terms of multiplex networks, where a set of common, mutually connected nodes belong to distinct network layers and play a different role…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-23 Chuang Ma , Han-Shuang Chen , Xiang Li , Ying-Cheng Lai , Hai-Feng Zhang

Networks are convenient mathematical models to represent the structure of complex systems, from cells to societies. In the past decade, multilayer network science -- the branch of the field dealing with units interacting in multiple…

Complex systems are usually illustrated by networks which captures the topology of the interactions between the entities. To better understand the roles played by the entities in the system one needs to uncover the underlying community…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Han Zhang , Chang-Dong Wang , Jian-Huang Lai , Philip S. Yu

Big Data has become the primary source of understanding the structure and dynamics of the society at large scale. The network of social interactions can be considered as a multiplex, where each layer corresponds to one communication channel…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-21 János Török , Yohsuke Murase , Hang-Hyun Jo , János Kertész , Kimmo Kaski

Many real networks exhibit a layered structure in which links in each layer reflect the function of nodes on different environments. These multiple types of links are usually represented by a multiplex network in which each layer has a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-19 C. Buono , L. G. Alvarez Zuzek , P. A. Macri , L. A. Braunstein

The relations, rather than the elements, constitute the structure of networks. We therefore develop a systematic approach to the analysis of networks, modelled as graphs or hypergraphs, that is based on structural properties of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Marzieh Eidi , Amirhossein Farzam , Wilmer Leal , Areejit Samal , Jürgen Jost

Complex networks can be used to represent and model an ample diversity of abstract and real-world systems and structures. A good deal of the research on these structures has focused on specific topological properties, including node degree,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Alexandre Benatti , Luciano da F. Costa

Efficient techniques to navigate networks with local information are fundamental to sample large-scale online social systems and to retrieve resources in peer-to-peer systems. Biased random walks, i.e. walks whose motion is biased on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-29 Federico Battiston , Vincenzo Nicosia , Vito Latora

Transportation networks, from bicycle paths to buses and railways, are the backbone of urban mobility. In large metropolitan areas, the integration of different transport modes has become crucial to guarantee the fast and sustainable flow…

Service providers employ different transport technologies like PDH, SDH/SONET, OTN, DWDM, Ethernet, MPLS-TP etc. to support different types of traffic and service requirements. Dynamic service provisioning requires the use of on-line…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Madanagopal Ramachandran , Krishna M. Sivalingam

The total communicability of a network (or graph) is defined as the sum of the entries in the exponential of the adjacency matrix of the network, possibly normalized by the number of nodes. This quantity offers a good measure of how easily…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-08-21 Francesca Arrigo , Michele Benzi

Network data often represent multiple types of relations, which can also denote exchanged quantities, and are typically encompassed in a weighted multiplex. Such data frequently exhibit clustering structures, however, traditional clustering…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-17 Iuliia Promskaia , Adrian O'Hagan , Michael Fop

Networks are widely used in the biological, physical, and social sciences as a concise mathematical representation of the topology of systems of interacting components. Understanding the structure of these networks is one of the outstanding…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-06-21 M. E. J. Newman , E. A. Leicht

Analytical approaches to model the structure of complex networks can be distinguished into two groups according to whether they consider an intensive (e.g., fixed degree sequence and random otherwise) or an extensive (e.g., adjacency…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-02-13 Antoine Allard , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne

We propose here a multiplex network approach to investigate simultaneously different types of dependency in complex data sets. In particular, we consider multiplex networks made of four layers corresponding respectively to linear,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-16 Nicoló Musmeci , Vincenzo Nicosia , Tomaso Aste , Tiziana Di Matteo , Vito Latora