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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be blind, often underutilizing their visual inputs even on tasks that require visual reasoning. In this work, we demonstrate that VLMs are selectively blind. They modulate the amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Wan-Cyuan Fan , Jiayun Luo , Declan Kutscher , Leonid Sigal , Ritwik Gupta

Recent years have seen embodied visual navigation advance in two distinct directions: (i) in equipping the AI agent to follow natural language instructions, and (ii) in making the navigable world multimodal, e.g., audio-visual navigation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Sudipta Paul , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Anoop Cherian

Generalizable robotic mobile manipulation in open-world environments poses significant challenges due to long horizons, complex goals, and partial observability. A promising approach to address these challenges involves planning with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Linfeng Zhao , Willie McClinton , Aidan Curtis , Nishanth Kumar , Tom Silver , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Lawson L. S. Wong

Achieving deep alignment between vision and language remains a central challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). These models often fail to fully leverage visual input, defaulting to strong language priors. Our approach first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Aarti Ghatkesar , Ganesh Venkatesh

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that integrate visual and textual reasoning leverage chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting to tackle complex visual tasks, yet continue to exhibit visual hallucinations and an over-reliance on textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jing Bi , Guangyu Sun , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

Vision-language models (VLMs) are essential to Embodied AI, enabling robots to perceive, reason, and act in complex environments. They also serve as the foundation for the recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. Yet most evaluations of…

In the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task an embodied agent navigates a 3D environment, following natural language instructions. A challenge in this task is how to handle 'off the path' scenarios where an agent veers from a reference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Sonia Raychaudhuri , Saim Wani , Shivansh Patel , Unnat Jain , Angel X. Chang

Existing Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) agents based on Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often suffer from perception errors, reasoning errors, and planning errors, which significantly hinder their navigation performance. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhengcheng Wang , Zichuan Lin , Yijun Yang , Haobo Fu , Deheng Ye

Visual navigation policy is widely regarded as a promising direction, as it mimics humans by using egocentric visual observations for navigation. However, optical information of visual observations is difficult to be explicitly modeled like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tianyu Xu , Jiawei Chen , Jiazhao Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Zekun Qi , Minghan Li , Zhizheng Zhang , He Wang

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into embodied AI models is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, existing zero-shot LLM-based Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) agents either encode images as textual scene descriptions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yue Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Zun Wang , Yanyuan Qiao , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform well on many vision-language tasks but often struggle with vision-centric problems that require fine-grained visual reasoning. Recent evidence suggests that this limitation arises not from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sophia Sirko-Galouchenko , Monika Wysoczanska , Andrei Bursuc , Nicolas Thome , Spyros Gidaris

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) refers to the task of enabling autonomous robots to navigate unfamiliar environments by following natural language instructions. While recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promise in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vebjørn Haug Kåsene , Pierre Lison

Modern neural language models (LMs) are powerful tools for modeling human sentence production and comprehension, and their internal representations are remarkably well-aligned with representations of language in the human brain. But to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Chengxu Zhuang , Evelina Fedorenko , Jacob Andreas

Navigating unseen environments from natural language instructions remains challenging for egocentric agents in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). Humans naturally ground concrete semantic knowledge within spatial layouts during indoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Xuesong Zhang , Yunbo Xu , Jia Li , Ruonan Liu , Zhenzhen Hu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng

Large-scale contrastive pre-training produces powerful Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) capable of generating representations (embeddings) effective for a wide variety of visual and multimodal tasks. However, these pretrained embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos-Antonios Ypsilantis , Kaifeng Chen , André Araujo , Ondřej Chum

Robots must adapt to diverse human instructions and operate safely in unstructured, open-world environments. Recent Vision-Language models (VLMs) offer strong priors for grounding language and perception, but remain difficult to steer for…

The web is littered with images, once created for human consumption and now increasingly interpreted by agents using vision-language models (VLMs). These agents make visual decisions at scale, deciding what to click, recommend, or buy. Yet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Manuel Cherep , Pranav M R , Pattie Maes , Nikhil Singh

Vision-language navigation (VLN) requires intelligent agents to navigate environments by interpreting linguistic instructions alongside visual observations, serving as a cornerstone task in Embodied AI. Current VLN research for unmanned…

Deep Learning has revolutionized our ability to solve complex problems such as Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). This task requires the agent to navigate to a goal purely based on visual sensory inputs given natural language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Muhammad Zubair Irshad , Chih-Yao Ma , Zsolt Kira