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Multi-mode optical interferometers represent the most viable platforms for the successful implementation of several quantum information schemes that take advantage of optical processing. Examples range from quantum communication, sensing…

Reciprocal and nonreciprocal effects in dielectric and magnetic materials provide crucial information about the microscopic properties of electrons. However, experimentally distinguishing the two has proven to be challenging, especially…

Optical pump-probe spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the study of non-equilibrium electronic dynamics and finds wide applications across a range of fields, from physics and chemistry to material science and biology. However, a shortcoming…

Dynamic optical sensors, as those based on the reflectivity of isotropic dielectrical interfaces, can be useful for measuring small changes in the refractive index of fluid media. Exact and approximated explicit formulas for their…

Micromechanical transducers such as cantilevers for AFM often rely on optical readout methods that require illumination of a specific region of the microstructure. Here we explore and exploit the diffraction effects that have been…

Interferometers provide a highly sensitive means to investigate and exploit the coherence properties of light in metrology applications. However, interferometers come in various forms and exploit different properties of the optical states…

We show how to describe Coulomb renormalization effects and dielectric screening in semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures within a first-principles density-matrix description. Those dynamic variables and approximation schemes…

Electronic properties of ultrathin dielectric films consistently attract much attention since they play important roles in various electronic devices, such as field effect transistors and memory elements. Insulating properties of the gate…

The importance of the quantum metric in flat-band systems has been noticed recently in many contexts such as the superfluid stiffness, the dc electrical conductivity, and ideal Chern insulators. Both the quantum metric of degenerate and…

We theoretically investigate a relation between the crystalline symmetry and the transient modulation of optical properties of crystalline dielectrics in pump-probe measurements using intense pump and attosecond probe fields. When the…

We systematically investigate nonlinear Ohmic responses in second-harmonic generation and bilinear magnetoelectric effects within the Matsubara Green's function formalism. The optical nonlinear Ohmic conductivity is shown to consist of a…

We introduce transversely structured all-dielectric waveguides which exploit the vectorial nature of light to achieve extreme sub-wavelength confinement in high index dielectrics, enabling characteristic mode dimensions below…

Using quantum theory, we study the propagation of an optical field in an inhomogeneous dielectric, and apply this scheme to traveling optical fields in a waveguide. We introduce a field-atom interaction Hamiltonian and derive the refractive…

In recent years, there is an increasing interest in transport phenomena that are fundamentally linked to the presence of multiple bands. In this thesis, we develop, discuss, and apply a theory of the electrical conductivity that includes…

This study explores the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients (OAC) and refractive index changes (RIC) in quantum dot and quantum antidot systems with a position-dependent variable effective mass. Significant contributions to…

Classical optical frameworks such as the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) assume that the linear spectrum of coupled quantum emitters can be computed solely from the linear susceptibilities of individual constituents. However, recent…

We study the relationship between the quantities that encode the insulating properties of matter: the ground-state quantum metric, the average localization length, and the electric susceptibility. By examining the one-dimensional Anderson…

We compute the optical conductivity for an out-of-plane deformation in graphene using an approach based on solutions of the Dirac equation in curved space. Different examples of periodic deformations along one direction translates into an…

The local observables of the quantised electromagnetic field near a mirror-coated interface depend strongly on the properties of the media on {\em both} sides. In macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, this fact is taken into account with the…

Semiconductor transistors are essential elements of electronic circuits as they enable, for example, the isolation or amplification of voltage signals. While conventional transistors are point-type (lumped-element) devices, it may be highly…