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We propose a fully data-driven approach to designing mutual information (MI) estimators. Since any MI estimator is a function of the observed sample from two random variables, we parameterize this function with a neural network (MIST) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 German Gritsai , Megan Richards , Maxime Méloux , Kyunghyun Cho , Maxime Peyrard

While the success of semi-supervised learning (SSL) is still not fully understood, Sch\"olkopf et al. (2012) have established a link to the principle of independent causal mechanisms. They conclude that SSL should be impossible when…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-25 Julius von Kügelgen , Alexander Mey , Marco Loog , Bernhard Schölkopf

As a technique to alleviate the pressure of data annotation, semi-supervised learning (SSL) has attracted widespread attention. In the specific domain of medical image segmentation, semi-supervised methods (SSMIS) have become a research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Bingli Wang , Houcheng Su , Nan Yin , Mengzhu Wang , Li Shen

Recently, self-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved tremendous success in learning image representation. Despite the empirical success, most self-supervised learning methods are rather "inefficient" learners, typically taking hundreds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Shengbang Tong , Yubei Chen , Yi Ma , Yann Lecun

The maximum entropy encoding framework provides a unified perspective for many non-contrastive learning methods like SimSiam, Barlow Twins, and MEC. Inspired by this framework, we introduce Matrix-SSL, a novel approach that leverages matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yifan Zhang , Zhiquan Tan , Jingqin Yang , Weiran Huang , Yang Yuan

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms struggle to perform well when exposed to imbalanced training data. In this scenario, the generated pseudo-labels can exhibit a bias towards the majority class, and models that employ these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zeju Li , Ying-Qiu Zheng , Chen Chen , Saad Jbabdi

We introduce Transductive Infomation Maximization (TIM) for few-shot learning. Our method maximizes the mutual information between the query features and their label predictions for a given few-shot task, in conjunction with a supervision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Malik Boudiaf , Ziko Imtiaz Masud , Jérôme Rony , José Dolz , Pablo Piantanida , Ismail Ben Ayed

We propose a novel semi-supervised learning (SSL) method that adopts selective training with pseudo labels. In our method, we generate hard pseudo-labels and also estimate their confidence, which represents how likely each pseudo-label is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Masato Ishii

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) leverages both labeled and unlabeled data to train machine learning (ML) models. State-of-the-art SSL methods can achieve comparable performance to supervised learning by leveraging much fewer labeled data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Xinlei He , Hongbin Liu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Yang Zhang

Recent semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods are commonly based on pseudo labeling. Since the SSL performance is greatly influenced by the quality of pseudo labels, mutual learning has been proposed to effectively suppress the noises in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Pan Zhang , Bo Zhang , Ting Zhang , Dong Chen , Fang Wen

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods learn from unlabeled data and achieve high generalization performance on downstream tasks. However, they may also suffer from overfitting to their training data and lose the ability to adapt to new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Wenwen Qiang , Zeen Song , Ziyin Gu , Jiangmeng Li , Changwen Zheng , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Multilingual machine translation (MMT) benefits from cross-lingual transfer but is a challenging multitask optimization problem. This is partly because there is no clear framework to systematically learn language-specific parameters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Haoran Xu , Jean Maillard , Vedanuj Goswami

The major challenge of offline RL is the distribution shift that appears when out-of-distribution actions are queried, which makes the policy improvement direction biased by extrapolation errors. Most existing methods address this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Xiao Ma , Bingyi Kang , Zhongwen Xu , Min Lin , Shuicheng Yan

Recently proposed consistency-based Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods such as the $\Pi$-model, temporal ensembling, the mean teacher, or the virtual adversarial training, have advanced the state of the art in several SSL tasks. These…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-19 Atin Ghosh , Alexandre H. Thiery

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides an effective means of leveraging unlabelled data to improve a model performance. Even though the domain has received a considerable amount of attention in the past years, most methods present the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Hugo Schmutz , Olivier Humbert , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) seeks to enhance task performance by training on both labeled and unlabeled data. Mainstream SSL image classification methods mostly optimize a loss that additively combines a supervised classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Zhe Huang , Xiaowei Yu , Dajiang Zhu , Michael C. Hughes

Prior works have shown that semi-supervised learning algorithms can leverage unlabeled data to improve over the labeled sample complexity of supervised learning (SL) algorithms. However, existing theoretical analyses focus on regimes where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Alexandru Ţifrea , Gizem Yüce , Amartya Sanyal , Fanny Yang

Estimating mutual information is an important statistics and machine learning problem. To estimate the mutual information from data, a common practice is preparing a set of paired samples $\{(\mathbf{x}_i,\mathbf{y}_i)\}_{i=1}^n…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-16 Yanbin Liu , Makoto Yamada , Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Tam Le , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Yi Yang

In today's data-driven world, the proliferation of publicly available information raises security concerns due to the information leakage (IL) problem. IL involves unintentionally exposing sensitive information to unauthorized parties via…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Pritha Gupta , Marcel Wever , Eyke Hüllermeier

Support vector machine (SVM) has been one of the most popular learning algorithms, with the central idea of maximizing the minimum margin, i.e., the smallest distance from the instances to the classification boundary. Recent theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-05-26 Teng Zhang , Zhi-Hua Zhou