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This paper proposes Koopman operator theory and the related algorithm dynamical mode decomposition (DMD) for analysis and control of signalized traffic flow networks. DMD provides a model-free approach for representing complex oscillatory…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-03-01 Esther Ling , Liyuan Zheng , Lillian J. Ratliff , Samuel Coogan

This paper explores a novel data-driven approach based on recent developments in Koopman operator theory and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) for modeling signalized intersections. Vehicular flow and queue formation on signalized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-15 Kazi Redwan Shabab , Shakib Mustavee , Shaurya Agarwal , Mohamed H. Zaki , Sajal Das

In modern traffic management, one of the most essential yet challenging tasks is accurately and timely predicting traffic. It has been well investigated and examined that deep learning-based Spatio-temporal models have an edge when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yunjie Huang , Xiaozhuang Song , Yuanshao Zhu , Shiyao Zhang , James J. Q. Yu

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in data-driven approaches in physics, such as extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD). The EDMD algorithm focuses on nonlinear time-evolution systems, and the constructed Koopman matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Ichiro Ohta , Shota Koyanagi , Kayo Kinjo , Jun Ohkubo

Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (EDMD) is a widely-used data-driven approach to learn an approximation of the Koopman operator. Consequently, it provides a powerful tool for data-driven analysis, prediction, and control of nonlinear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Yang Guo , Manuel Schaller , Karl Worthmann , Stefan Streif

Koopman operator theory shows how nonlinear dynamical systems can be represented as an infinite-dimensional, linear operator acting on a Hilbert space of observables of the system. However, determining the relevant modes and eigenvalues of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Daniel J. Alford-Lago , Christopher W. Curtis , Alexander T. Ihler , Opal Issan

The Koopman operator and its data-driven approximations, such as extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD), are widely used for analysing, modelling, and controlling nonlinear dynamical systems. However, when the true Koopman…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Roland Schurig , Pieter van Goor , Karl Worthmann , Rolf Findeisen

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) and its variants, such as extended DMD (EDMD), are broadly used to fit simple linear models to dynamical systems known from observable data. As DMD methods work well in several situations but perform poorly…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-08-06 George Haller , Bálint Kaszás

Traffic forecasting in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is vital for intelligent traffic prediction. Yet, ITS often relies on data from traffic sensors or vehicle devices, where certain cities might not have all those smart devices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Kishor Kumar Bhaumik , Minha Kim , Fahim Faisal Niloy , Amin Ahsan Ali , Simon S. Woo

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven method related to Koopman operator theory that extracts information about dominant dynamics from data snapshots. In this paper we examine techniques to accelerate the application of DMD to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Peter Oehme

We introduce the Rigged Dynamic Mode Decomposition (Rigged DMD) algorithm, which computes generalized eigenfunction decompositions of Koopman operators. By considering the evolution of observables, Koopman operators transform complex…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Matthew J. Colbrook , Catherine Drysdale , Andrew Horning

We present a data-driven framework for reconstructing band structures using Koopman operator analysis and dynamic mode decomposition (Koopman-DMD). Instead of deriving spectra from an explicit Hamiltonian, the approach reconstructs band…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Yiming Pan , Jinze He , Jiapeng Yang , Zhiwei Fan

Traffic demand prediction plays a critical role in intelligent transportation systems. Existing traffic prediction models primarily rely on temporal traffic data, with limited efforts incorporating human knowledge and experience for urban…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Lingyu Zhang , Pengfei Xu , Guobin Wu , Jian Liang , Ruiyang Dong , Yunhai Wang , Xuan Song

We develop a new generalization of Koopman operator theory that incorporates the effects of inputs and control. Koopman spectral analysis is a theoretical tool for the analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems. Moreover, Koopman is intimately…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-25 Joshua L. Proctor , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Understanding and modeling complex dynamic systems is crucial for enhancing vehicle performance and safety, especially in the context of autonomous driving. Recently, popular methods such as Koopman operators and their approximators, known…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Chinnawut Nantabut

The Koopman Mode Decomposition (KMD) is a data-analysis technique which is often used to extract the spatio-temporal patterns of complex flows. In this paper, we use KMD to study the dynamics of the lid-driven flow in a two-dimensional…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-01-03 Hassan Arbabi , Igor Mezić

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven method of extracting spatial-temporal coherent modes from complex systems and providing an equation-free architecture to model and predict systems. However, in practical applications, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Ningxin Liu , Shuigen Liu , Xin T. Tong , Lijian Jiang

The continuous expansion of the urban traffic sensing infrastructure has led to a surge in the volume of widely available road related data. Consequently, increasing effort is being dedicated to the creation of intelligent transportation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Alina Patelli , Victoria Lush , Aniko Ekart , Elisabeth Ilie-Zudor

Tracking congestion throughout the network road is a critical component of Intelligent transportation network management systems. Understanding how the traffic flows and short-term prediction of congestion occurrence due to rush-hour or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Mohammadhani Fouladgar , Mostafa Parchami , Ramez Elmasri , Amir Ghaderi

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven technique used for capturing the dynamics of complex systems. DMD has been connected to spectral analysis of the Koopman operator, and essentially extracts spatial-temporal modes of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Byron Heersink , Michael A. Warren , Heiko Hoffmann
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