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Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the electrical measurement of cardiac activity, whereas Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is the optical measurement of volumetric changes in blood circulation. While both signals are used for heart rate monitoring, from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Automated electrocardiogram (ECG) classification is essential for early detection of cardiovascular diseases. While recent approaches have increasingly relied on deep neural networks with complex architectures, we demonstrate that careful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Naqcho Ali Mehdi , Amir Ali

Developing electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems is challenging. In this study, we analyzed natural grasp actions from EEG. Ten healthy subjects participated in this experiment. They executed and imagined…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Jeong-Hyun Cho , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Dong-Joo Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

Multi-output Gaussian process (MGP) models have attracted significant attention for their flexibility and uncertainty-quantification capabilities, and have been widely adopted in multi-source transfer learning scenarios due to their ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Duo Wang , Xinming Wang , Chao Wang , Xiaowei Yue , Jianguo Wu

Heart disease is the number one killer, and ECGs can assist in the early diagnosis and prevention of deadly outcomes. Accurate ECG interpretation is critical in detecting heart diseases; however, they are often misinterpreted due to a lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Dharma KC , Chicheng Zhang , Chris Gniady , Parth Sandeep Agarwal , Sushil Sharma

Gaussian Processes (GPs), as a nonparametric learning method, offer flexible modeling capabilities and calibrated uncertainty quantification for function approximations. Additionally, GPs support online learning by efficiently incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zewen Yang , Dongfa Zhang , Xiaobing Dai , Fengyi Yu , Chi Zhang , Bingkun Huang , Hamid Sadeghian , Sami Haddadin

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most frequent and routine diagnostic tool used for monitoring heart electrical signals and evaluating its functionality. The human heart can suffer from a variety of diseases, including cardiac arrhythmias.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-05 Negin Alamatsaz , Leyla s Tabatabaei , Mohammadreza Yazdchi , Hamidreza Payan , Nima Alamatsaz , Fahimeh Nasimi

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are a generic modelling tool for supervised learning. While they have been successfully applied on large datasets, their use in safety-critical applications is hindered by the lack of good performance guarantees. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-27 David Reeb , Andreas Doerr , Sebastian Gerwinn , Barbara Rakitsch

Gaussian processes (GPs) are popular nonparametric statistical models for learning unknown functions and quantifying the spatiotemporal uncertainty in data. Recent works have extended GPs to model scalar and vector quantities distributed…

Electrocardiogram~(ECG), a key bioelectrical time-series signal, is crucial for assessing cardiac health and diagnosing various diseases. Given its time-series format, ECG data is often incorporated into pre-training datasets for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Zhijiang Tang , Jiaxin Qi , Yuhua Zheng , Jianqiang Huang

Cardiologists use electrocardiograms (ECG) for the detection of arrhythmias. However, continuous monitoring of ECG signals to detect cardiac abnormal-ities requires significant time and human resources. As a result, several deep learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 JuneYoung Park , Da Young Kim , Yunsoo Kim , Jisu Yoo , Tae Joon Kim

We present a Gaussian Process - Latent Class Choice Model (GP-LCCM) to integrate a non-parametric class of probabilistic machine learning within discrete choice models (DCMs). Gaussian Processes (GPs) are kernel-based algorithms that…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-02 Georges Sfeir , Filipe Rodrigues , Maya Abou-Zeid

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common primary tests to evaluate the health of the heart. Reliable automatic interpretation of ECG records is crucial to the goal of improving public health. It can enable a safe inexpensive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Laura Rebollo-Neira , Khalil Battikh , Amadou Sidi Watt

The emergence of deep learning has significantly enhanced the analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs), a non-invasive method that is essential for assessing heart health. Despite the complexity of ECG interpretation, advanced deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zibin Zhao

Bayesian model updating based on Gaussian Process (GP) models has received attention in recent years, which incorporates kernel-based GPs to provide enhanced fidelity response predictions. Although most kernel functions provide high fitting…

The analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals can be time consuming as it is performed manually by cardiologists. Therefore, automation through machine learning (ML) classification is being increasingly proposed which would allow ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Shourya Verma

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis represents a pivotal technique in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Although transformer-based models have made significant progress in ECG classification, they exhibit inefficiencies in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yupeng Qiang , Xunde Dong , Xiuling Liu , Yang Yang , Yihai Fang , Jianhong Dou

The electrocardiogram or ECG has been in use for over 100 years and remains the most widely performed diagnostic test to characterize cardiac structure and electrical activity. We hypothesized that parallel advances in computing power,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Geoffrey H. Tison , Jeffrey Zhang , Francesca N. Delling , Rahul C. Deo

Estimation of patient-specific model parameters is important for personalized modeling, although sparse and noisy clinical data can introduce significant uncertainty in the estimated parameter values. This importance source of uncertainty,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-04 Jwala Dhamala , John L. Sapp , B. Milan Horácek , Linwei Wang

An electrocardiogram (ECG) captures the heart's electrical signal to assess various heart conditions. In practice, ECG data is stored as either digitized signals or printed images. Despite the emergence of numerous deep learning models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Ju-Hyeon Nam , Seo-Hyung Park , Su Jung Kim , Sang-Chul Lee