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An arithmetical structure on a finite, connected graph without loops is an assignment of positive integers to the vertices that satisfies certain conditions. Associated to each of these is a finite abelian group known as its critical group.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-22 Kassie Archer , Alexander Diaz-Lopez , Darren Glass , Joel Louwsma

In recent work, Benkart, Klivans, and Reiner defined the critical group of a faithful representation of a finite group $G$, which is analogous to the critical group of a graph. In this paper we study maps between critical groups induced by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-06 Ayush Agarwal , Christian Gaetz

Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve over a finite field of characteristic $p$. We describe and implement a practical algorithm for computing the $p$-divisible group $Jac(X)[p^\infty]$ via computing its Dieudonn\'{e} module, or equivalently…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Jeremy Booher

Let $G$ be a connected graph. The Jacobian group (also known as the Picard group or sandpile group) of $G$ is a finite abelian group whose cardinality equals the number of spanning trees of $G$. The Jacobian group admits a canonical simply…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Changxin Ding

Given a curve X of the form y^p = h(x) over a number field, one can use descents to obtain explicit bounds on the Mordell-Weil rank of the Jacobian or to prove that the curve has no rational points. We show how, having performed such a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-14 Brendan Creutz

The Picard group of an undirected graph is a finitely generated abelian group, and the Jacobian is the torsion subgroup of the Picard group. These groups can be computed by using the Smith normal form of the Laplacian matrix of the graph or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Jaiung Jun , Youngsu Kim , Matthew Pisano

In this paper, we describe Galois covers of algebraic curves and their families by using local systems associated to push-forward of sheaves by the structure morphism. More precisely, if $f:C\to Y$, we consider the sheaves $f_*(\C)$. The…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-09-13 Abolfazl Mohajer

Let $\phi \colon \Gamma_2 \rightarrow \Gamma_1$ be a harmonic morphism of connected graphs. We show that an arithmetical structure on $\Gamma_1$ can be pulled back via $\phi$ to an arithmetical structure on $\Gamma_2$. We then show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Kassie Archer , Caroline Melles

Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve defined over a number field $k$, $X/k(C)$ a smooth projective curve of positive genus, $J_X$ the Jacobian variety of $X$ and $(\tau,B)$ the $k(C)/k$-trace of $J_X$. We estimate how the rank of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Amilcar Pacheco

Let $\pi: Z \ra X$ be a Galois covering of smooth projective curves with Galois group the Weyl group of a simple and simply-connected Lie group $G$. For any dominant weight $\lambda$ consider the curve $Y = Z/\Stab(\lambda)$. The Kanev…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-12 Herbert Lange , Christian Pauly

A labeling of the vertices of a graph by elements of any abelian group $A$ induces a labeling of the edges by summing the labels of their endpoints. Hovey defined the graph $G$ to be $A$-cordial if it has such a labeling where the vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Rebecca Patrias , Oliver Pechenik

Let X be a compact Abelian group. In the article we obtain a characterization of shifts of Haar distributions on compact open subgroups of the group X by the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form of independent random…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Gennadiy Feldman

Every graph has a canonical finite abelian group attached to it. This group has appeared in the literature under a variety of names including the sandpile group, critical group, Jacobian group, and Picard group. The construction of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-08 Farbod Shokrieh

Let $K$ be a field, and let $f\in K(z)$ be a rational function of degree $d\geq 2$. The Galois group of the field extension generated by the preimages of $x_0\in K$ under all iterates of $f$ naturally embeds in the automorphism group of an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-08 Robert L. Benedetto , William DeGroot , Xinyu Ni , Jesse Seid , Annie Wei , Samantha Winton

We define a generalized Jacobian $\mathrm{J}_\mathfrak{m}(\mathit{Gr})$ and a generalized Picard group $\mathrm{P}_\mathfrak{m}(\mathit{Gr})$ of a graph $\mathit{Gr}$ with respect to a modulus $ \mathfrak{m}=\sum_{i=1}^s m_iw_i$ with $w_i$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Bruce W. Jordan , Kenneth A. Ribet , Anthony J. Scholl

This article presents a method for finding the critical probability $p_c$ for the Bernoulli bond percolation on graphs with the so-called tree-like structure. Such a graph can be decomposed into a tree of pieces, each of which has finitely…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-19 Iva Špakulová

We study the forward orbit of the critical point for polynomials of the form $f_c=z^2+c$ defined over $\mathbb{Z}_p$. Hubbard trees capture the dynamical behavior for such maps with finite critical orbit in $\mathbb{C}$. We suggest a notion…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-15 Cara Mullen

In this paper we consider the Prym variety $P(\widetilde{C}/C)$ associated to a Galois coverings of curves $f:\widetilde{C}\to C$ branched at $r$ points. We discuss some properties and equivalent definitions and then consider the Prym map…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-04-22 Abolfazl Mohajer

We investigate sections of the arithmetic fundamental group pi_1(X) where X is either a smooth affinoid p-adic curve, or a formal germ of a p-adic curve, and prove that they can be lifted (unconditionally) to sections of cuspidally abelian…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Mohamed Saidi

Let G be a connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p (possibly 0), and X a variety on which G acts transitively with connected stabilizers. We show that any \'etale Galois cover of X of degree prime to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-10-01 Michel Brion , Tamás Szamuely