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Compositional visual reasoning has emerged as a key research frontier in multimodal AI, aiming to endow machines with the human-like ability to decompose visual scenes, ground intermediate concepts, and perform multi-step logical inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Fucai Ke , Joy Hsu , Zhixi Cai , Zixian Ma , Xin Zheng , Xindi Wu , Sukai Huang , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Gholamreza Haffari , Ranjay Krishna , Jiajun Wu , Hamid Rezatofighi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate promising generalization in robotic manipulation, driven by advances in large-scale vision and language pre-training. This progress can be misleading. Despite the zero-shot perception and…

Knowledge-based Vision Question Answering (KB-VQA) extends general Vision Question Answering (VQA) by not only requiring the understanding of visual and textual inputs but also extensive range of knowledge, enabling significant advancements…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Jiaqi Deng , Zonghan Wu , Huan Huo , Guandong Xu

Visually linking matching cues is a crucial ability in daily life, such as identifying the same person in multiple photos based on their cues, even without knowing who they are. Despite the extensive knowledge that vision-language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jianshu Zhang , Dongyu Yao , Renjie Pi , Paul Pu Liang , Yi R. Fung

The ability to process information from multiple modalities and to reason through it step-by-step remains a critical challenge in advancing artificial intelligence. However, existing reasoning benchmarks focus on text-only reasoning, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yulun Jiang , Yekun Chai , Maria Brbić , Michael Moor

Although large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in a wide range of multimodal tasks, their true reasoning capabilities on human IQ tests remain underexplored. To advance research on the fluid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Tan-Hanh Pham , Phu-Vinh Nguyen , Dang The Hung , Bui Trong Duong , Vu Nguyen Thanh , Chris Ngo , Tri Quang Truong , Truong-Son Hy

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

Most multilingual vision-and-language (V&L) research aims to accomplish multilingual and multimodal capabilities within one model. However, the scarcity of multilingual captions for images has hindered the development. To overcome this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Guojun Wu

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models have driven breakthroughs in visual question answering. Yet, a critical gap persists, `conceptualization'-the ability to recognize and reason about the same concept despite variations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zahra Babaiee , Peyman M. Kiasari , Daniela Rus , Radu Grosu

Vision Language Models (VLMs) are impressive at visual question answering and image captioning. But they underperform on multi-step visual reasoning -- even compared to LLMs on the same tasks presented in text form -- giving rise to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Simon Park , Abhishek Panigrahi , Yun Cheng , Dingli Yu , Anirudh Goyal , Sanjeev Arora

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly used to interpret visualizations, yet little is known about why they fail. We present the first systematic analysis of barriers to visualization literacy in MLLMs. Using the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Mengli , Duan , Yuhe , Jiang , Matthew Varona , Carolina Nobre

Can Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) develop an intuitive number sense similar to humans? Targeting this problem, we introduce Visual Number Benchmark (VisNumBench) to evaluate the number sense abilities of MLLMs across a wide range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Tengjin Weng , Jingyi Wang , Wenhao Jiang , Zhong Ming

Autonomous driving requires generating safe and reliable trajectories from complex multimodal inputs. Traditional modular pipelines separate perception, prediction, and planning, while recent end-to-end (E2E) systems learn them jointly.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Qihang Peng , Xuesong Chen , Chenye Yang , Shaoshuai Shi , Hongsheng Li

Visual understanding goes well beyond object recognition. With one glance at an image, we can effortlessly imagine the world beyond the pixels: for instance, we can infer people's actions, goals, and mental states. While this task is easy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Rowan Zellers , Yonatan Bisk , Ali Farhadi , Yejin Choi

Answering visual questions need acquire daily common knowledge and model the semantic connection among different parts in images, which is too difficult for VQA systems to learn from images with the only supervision from answers. Meanwhile,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Jialin Wu , Zeyuan Hu , Raymond J. Mooney

Scientific research demands sophisticated reasoning over multimodal data, a challenge especially prevalent in biology. Despite recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for AI-assisted research, existing multimodal…

Large language models have demonstrated substantial advancements in reasoning capabilities. However, current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often struggle to perform systematic and structured reasoning, especially when handling complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Guowei Xu , Peng Jin , Ziang Wu , Hao Li , Yibing Song , Lichao Sun , Li Yuan

Medical visual question answering (VQA) is a challenging multimodal task, where Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models can effectively improve the generalization performance. However, most methods in the medical field treat VQA as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Jiawei Chen , Dingkang Yang , Yue Jiang , Yuxuan Lei , Lihua Zhang

The evaluation of text-generative vision-language models is a challenging yet crucial endeavor. By addressing the limitations of existing Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks and proposing innovative evaluation methodologies, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Simon Ging , María A. Bravo , Thomas Brox

The ideal form of Visual Question Answering requires understanding, grounding and reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most existing VQA benchmarks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Kang Chen , Xiangqian Wu