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In this work we extend our earlier phenomenological model for a gravitational phase transition (GPT) and its generalization to early times by letting the modifications in the linearly-perturbed Einstein equations be scale-dependent. These…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-27 Marzieh Farhang , Nima Khosravi

This paper aims at providing an accessible introduction to ultracold quantum gravimeters tailored for geophysicists. We do not focus here on geophysical applications, as these are already well known to geophysicists, but rather provide a…

General relativistic deflection of light by mass, dipole, and quadrupole moments of gravitational field of a moving massive planet in the Solar system is derived in the approximation of the linearized Einstein equations. All terms of order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-12-05 Sergei Kopeikin , Valeri Makarov

We show that the relativistic signatures on the transition probability of atoms moving through optical cavities are very sensitive to their spatial trajectory. This allows for the use of internal atomic degrees of freedom to measure small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-09 Aida Ahmadzadegan , Robert B. Mann , Eduardo Martin-Martinez

We discuss the possibility to enhance the sensitivity of optical interferometric devices by increasing its open area using an external field gradient that act differently on the two arms of the interfer-ometers. The use of combined electric…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-02-26 D. Comparat

Fundamental optics such as lenses and prisms work by applying phase shifts to incoming light via the refractive index. In these macroscopic devices, many particles each contribute a miniscule phase shift, working together to impose a total…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-27 A. Jechow , B. G. Norton , S. Händel , V. Blūms , E. W. Streed , D. Kielpinski

Recent advances in space-qualified atomic clocks (low-mass, low power-consumption, frequency stability comparable to that of ground-based clocks) can enable interplanetary spacecraft radio science experiments at unprecedented Doppler…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-15 Massimo Tinto , George J. Dick , John D. Prestage , J. W. Armstrong

In this paper, we show that an atom interferometer inertial sensor, when associated to the auxiliary measurement of external vibrations, can be operated beyond its linear range and still keep a high acceleration sensitivity. We propose and…

Atom interferometer (AI)-based dynamic gravimeter enable high-precision absolute gravity measurements, crucial for applications in geophysics, navigation, resource exploration, and metrology. Understanding their underlying mechanisms and…

We propose a quantum sensor for electric fields based on networks of Rydberg atoms. The sensing mechanism exploits the strong dependence of the Rydberg blockade on the applied electric field near a F\"orster resonance. In this regime,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Philip Kitson , Wayne J. Chetcuti , Gerhard Birkl , Luigi Amico , Juan Polo

Interferometers based on ultra-cold atoms enable an absolute measurement of inertial forces with unprecedented precision. However, their resolution is fundamentally restricted by quantum fluctuations. Improved resolutions with entangled or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Christophe Cassens , Bernd Meyer-Hoppe , Ernst Rasel , Carsten Klempt

We investigate general properties of optical interferometry in stationary spacetimes and apply the obtained results focusing on quantum-optical experiments in near-Earth environments. We provide a rigorous expression for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-30 Aharon Brodutch , Alexei Gilchrist , Thomas Guff , Alexander R. H. Smith , Daniel R. Terno

We demonstrate an optical method for detecting the mechanical oscillations of an atom with single-phonon sensitivity. The measurement signal results from the interference between the light scattered by a single trapped atomic ion and that…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 G. Cerchiari , G. Araneda , L. Podhora , L. Slodička , Y. Colombe , R. Blatt

Long baseline atom interferometers offer an exciting opportunity to explore mid-frequency gravitational waves. In this work we survey the landscape of possible contributions to the total 'gravitational wave background' in this frequency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-17 Hannah Banks , Dorota M. Grabowska , Matthew McCullough

The velocity of a gravitational wave (GW) source provides crucial information about its formation and evolution processes. Previous studies considered the Doppler effect on the phase of GWs as a potential signature of a time-dependent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-28 Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Xian Chen , Pau Amaro-Seoane

Dyson (2013) argued that the extraordinarily large number of gravitons in a gravitational wave makes them impossible to be resolved as individual particles. While true, it is shown in this paper that a LIGO interferometric detector also…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-17 Richard Lieu

Absolute gravimeters (AG) are used in geodesy, geophysics, and physics for a wide spectrum of applications. Stable gravimetric measurements over timescales from several days to decades are required to provide relevant insight into…

The interaction of Na atoms with a surface was probed by inserting a nanofabricated material grating into one arm of an atom interferometer (IFM). This technique permits a direct measurement of the change in phase and coherence of matter…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 John D. Perreault , Alexander D. Cronin

Guided-wave atom interferometers measure interference effects using atoms held in a confining potential. In one common implementation, the confinement is primarily two-dimensional, and the atoms move along the nearly free dimension under…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. H. T. Burke , B. Deissler , K. J. Hughes , C. A. Sackett

Calibration of the Advanced LIGO detectors is the quantification of the detectors' response to gravitational waves. Gravitational waves incident on the detectors cause phase shifts in the interferometer laser light which are read out as…